This document provides technical details for calculating predicted burn injury to human skin when its surface is subject to a varying heat flux, such as may occur due to energy transmitted through and by a garment or protective clothing ensemble exposed to flames. A series of test cases are provided against which the burn injury prediction calculation method is verified. It also contains requirements for the in situ calibration of the thermal energy sensor \u2014 skin injury prediction system for the range of heat fluxes that occur under garments. The skin burn injury calculation methods as presented in this test method do not include terms for handling short wavelength radiation that may penetrate the skin. The latter include arc flashes, some types of fire exposures with liquid or solid fuels, and nuclear sources.<\/p>\n
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| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 6<\/td>\n | Foreword <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 11<\/td>\n | 4 General 5 Apparatus, specimen preparation and test procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | 6 Predicted skin burn injury calculation 6.1 Skin model 6.1.1 General 6.1.2 Manikin sensor heat flux values as function of time 6.1.3 Determination of the predicted skin and subcutaneous tissue (adipose) internal temperature field <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 14<\/td>\n | 6.1.4 Initial and boundary conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 6.1.5 Determination of the \u2126 value for the prediction of skin burn injury 6.1.6 Time to pain <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 7 Skin burn injury calculation test cases and in situ calibration 7.1 Test cases and in situ validation 7.2 Skin layer temperature prediction test cases 7.2.1 General 7.2.2 Case one 7.2.3 Case two <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | 7.2.4 Accuracy requirement 7.3 Skin burn injury calculation test cases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 7.4 In situ validation of burn injury prediction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 8 Test report 8.1 General 8.2 Skin model 8.3 Calculated results 8.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 8.3.2 Predicted area (%) of manikin injured based on the total area of the manikin containing heat flux sensors 8.3.3 Predicted area (%) of manikin injured based only on the area of manikin covered by the test specimen 8.3.4 Other information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | Annex A (normative) Skin model with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, k(x,T) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative) Interlaboratory test data analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Protective clothing against heat and flame – Skin burn injury prediction. Calculation requirements and test cases<\/b><\/p>\n |