{"id":410632,"date":"2024-10-20T05:41:18","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T05:41:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/uncategorized\/bs-en-iec-62271-1002021-2\/"},"modified":"2024-10-26T10:28:35","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T10:28:35","slug":"bs-en-iec-62271-1002021-2","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/product\/publishers\/bsi\/bs-en-iec-62271-1002021-2\/","title":{"rendered":"BS EN IEC 62271-100:2021"},"content":{"rendered":"

IEC 62271-100:2021 is applicable to three-phase AC circuit-breakers designed for indoor or outdoor installation and for operation at frequencies of 50 Hz and\/or 60 Hz on systems having voltages above 1 000 V. This document includes only direct testing methods for making-breaking tests. For synthetic testing methods refer to IEC 62271-101. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2008, Amendment 1:2012 and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. The main changes with respect to the previous edition are listed below: \u2013 the document has been updated to IEC 62271-1:2017; \u2013 Amendments 1 and 2 have been included; \u2013 the definitions have been updated, terms not used have been removed; \u2013 Subclauses 7.102 through 7.108 have been restructured.<\/p>\n

PDF Catalog<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
PDF Pages<\/th>\nPDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nundefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nEnglish
CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/td>\nFOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/td>\n1 Scope
2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\n3 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/td>\n3.1 General terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n3.2 Assemblies
3.3 Parts of assemblies
3.4 Switching devices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/td>\n3.5 Parts of circuit-breakers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/td>\n3.6 Operational characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/td>\n3.7 Characteristic quantities <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/td>\nFigures
Figure 1 \u2013 Typical oscillogram of a three-phase short-circuit make-break cycle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/td>\nFigure 2 \u2013 Circuit-breaker without switching resistors \u2013 Opening and closing operations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/td>\nFigure 3 \u2013 Circuit breaker without switching resistors \u2013 Close-open cycle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\nFigure 4 \u2013 Circuit-breaker without switching resistors \u2013 Reclosing (auto-reclosing) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/td>\nFigure 5 \u2013 Circuit-breaker with switching resistors \u2013 Opening and closing operations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39<\/td>\nFigure 6 \u2013 Circuit-breaker with switching resistors \u2013 Close-open cycle <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
40<\/td>\nFigure 7 \u2013 Circuit-breaker with switching resistors \u2013 Reclosing (auto-reclosing) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n3.8 Index of definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
52<\/td>\n4 Normal and special service conditions
5 Ratings
5.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
53<\/td>\n5.2 Rated voltage (Ur)
5.3 Rated insulation level (Ud, Up, Us)
5.4 Rated frequency (fr)
5.5 Rated continuous current (Ir)
5.6 Rated short-time withstand current (Ik)
5.7 Rated peak withstand current (Ip)
5.8 Rated duration of short-circuit (tk)
5.9 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (Ua)
5.10 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits
5.11 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
54<\/td>\n5.101 Rated short-circuit breaking current (Isc) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\nFigure 8 \u2013 Determination of short-circuit making and breaking currents, and of percentage DC component <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
56<\/td>\nFigure 9 \u2013 Percentage DC component in relation to the time interval from the initiation of the short-circuit for the different time constants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
57<\/td>\n5.102 Rated first-pole-to-clear factor (kpp)
5.103 Rated short-circuit making current
5.104 Rated operating sequence
5.105 Rated out-of-phase making and breaking current <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
58<\/td>\n5.106 Rated capacitive currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
59<\/td>\nTables
Table 1 \u2013 Preferred values of rated capacitive currents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60<\/td>\n6 Design and construction
6.1 Requirements for liquids
6.2 Requirements for gases
6.3 Earthing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
61<\/td>\n6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits
6.5 Dependent power operation
6.6 Stored energy operation
6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation)
6.8 Manually operated actuators
6.9 Operation of releases <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
62<\/td>\n6.10 Pressure\/level indication <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
63<\/td>\n6.11 Nameplates <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
64<\/td>\nTable 2 \u2013 Nameplate information <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
65<\/td>\n6.12 Locking devices
6.13 Position indication
6.14 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures
6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators
6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness
6.17 Tightness for liquid systems
6.18 Fire hazard (flammability)
6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
6.20 X-ray emission
6.21 Corrosion <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
66<\/td>\n6.22 Filling levels for insulation, switching and\/or operation
6.101 Requirements for simultaneity of poles during single closing and single opening operations
6.102 General requirement for operation
6.103 Pressure limits of fluids for operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
67<\/td>\n6.104 Vent outlets
6.105 Time quantities
6.106 Mechanical loads <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
68<\/td>\n6.107 Circuit-breaker classification
Table 3 \u2013 Examples of static horizontal and vertical forces for static terminal load <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
69<\/td>\nTable 4 \u2013 Number of mechanical operations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70<\/td>\n7 Type tests
7.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
71<\/td>\nTable 5 \u2013 Type tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n7.2 Dielectric tests
Table 6 \u2013 Invalid tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
75<\/td>\nTable 7 \u2013 Test requirements for voltage tests as condition checkfor metal-enclosed circuit-breakers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
77<\/td>\n7.3 Radio interference voltage (RIV) test
7.4 Resistance measurement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
78<\/td>\n7.5 Continuous current tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
79<\/td>\n7.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests
7.7 Verification of the protection
7.8 Tightness tests
7.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80<\/td>\n7.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
7.11 X-radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters
7.101 Mechanical and environmental tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
84<\/td>\nTable 8 \u2013 Number of operating sequences <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
87<\/td>\nFigure 10 \u2013 Example of wind velocity measurement <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
89<\/td>\nFigure 11 \u2013 Test sequence for low temperature test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/td>\nFigure 12 \u2013 Test sequence for high temperature test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
92<\/td>\nFigure 13 \u2013 Humidity test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
93<\/td>\n7.102 Miscellaneous provisions for making and breaking tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\nFigure 14 \u2013 Example of reference mechanical characteristics (idealised curve) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
97<\/td>\nFigure 15 \u2013 Reference mechanical characteristics of Figure 14 with the envelopes centred over the reference curve (+5 %, \u20135 %) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
98<\/td>\nFigure 16 \u2013 Reference mechanical characteristics of Figure 14 with the envelope fully displaced upward from the reference curve (+10 %, \u20130 %)
Figure 17 \u2013 Reference mechanical characteristics of Figure 14 with the envelope fully displaced downward from the reference curve (+0 %, \u201310 %) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
100<\/td>\nFigure 18 \u2013 Equivalent testing set-up for unit testing of circuit-breakers with more than one separate making and breaking units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
101<\/td>\nFigure 19 \u2013 Earthing of test circuits for single-phase short-circuit tests, kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
102<\/td>\nFigure 20 \u2013 Earthing of test circuits for single-phase short-circuit tests, kpp = 1,3
Figure 21 \u2013 Test circuit for single-phase out-of-phase tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
103<\/td>\nFigure 22 \u2013 Test circuit for out-of-phase tests using two voltagesseparated by 120 electrical degrees
Figure 23 \u2013 Test circuit for out-of-phase tests with one terminal of the circuit-breaker earthed (subject to agreement of the manufacturer) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
104<\/td>\nFigure 24 \u2013 Example of prospective test TRV with four-parameter envelope which satisfies the conditions to be met during type test \u2013 Case of specified TRV with four-parameter reference line <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
105<\/td>\nFigure 25 \u2013 Example of prospective test TRV with two-parameter envelope which satisfies the conditions to be met during type test:case of specified TRV with two-parameter reference line <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
106<\/td>\nFigure 26 \u2013 Example of prospective test TRV-waves and their combined envelope in two-part test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
111<\/td>\n7.103 General considerations for making and breaking tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
113<\/td>\nFigure 27 \u2013 Earthing of test circuits for three-phase short-circuit tests, kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
114<\/td>\nFigure 28 \u2013 Earthing of test circuits for three-phase short-circuit tests, kpp = 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
116<\/td>\nFigure 29 \u2013 Determination of power frequency recovery voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
117<\/td>\nTable 9 \u2013 Standard values of ITRV \u2013 Rated voltages 100 kV and above <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
118<\/td>\n7.104 Demonstration of arcing times <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
119<\/td>\nFigure 30 \u2013 Graphical representation of the time parameters for the demonstration of arcing times in three-phase tests of test-duty T100a <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\nFigure 31 \u2013 Graphical representation of an example of the three valid symmetrical breaking operations for kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
121<\/td>\nFigure 32 \u2013 Graphical representation of the three valid symmetrical breaking operations for kpp = 1,2 or 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
122<\/td>\nTable 10 \u2013 Last current loop parameters in three-phase testsand in single-phase tests in substitution for three-phase conditionsin relation with short-circuit test-duty T100a \u2013 Tests for 50 Hz operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
123<\/td>\nTable 11 \u2013 Last current loop parameters in three-phase testsand in single-phase tests in substitution for three-phase conditionsin relation with short-circuit test-duty T100a \u2013 Tests for 60 Hz operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
125<\/td>\nFigure 33 \u2013 Graphical representation of an example of the three valid asymmetrical breaking operations for kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
126<\/td>\nFigure 34 \u2013 Graphical representation of an example of the three valid asymmetrical breaking operations for kpp = 1,2 or 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
127<\/td>\nTable 12 \u2013 Prospective TRV parameters for single-phase tests in substitution for three-phase tests to demonstrate the breaking of the second-pole-to-clear for kpp = 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
128<\/td>\nTable 13 \u2013 Prospective TRV parameters for single-phase tests in substitution for three-phase tests to demonstrate the breaking of the third-pole-to-clear for kpp = 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
130<\/td>\nFigure 35 \u2013 Example of a graphical representation of the three valid symmetrical breaking operations for single-phase tests in substitution of three-phase conditionsfor kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
131<\/td>\nFigure 36 \u2013 Example of a graphical representation of an example of the three valid symmetrical breaking operations for single-phase tests in substitution of three-phase conditions for kpp = 1,2 or 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
133<\/td>\nFigure 37 \u2013 Example of a graphical representation of an example of the three valid asymmetrical breaking operations for single-phase tests in substitution of three-phase conditions for kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
134<\/td>\nFigure 38 \u2013 Example of a graphical representation of an example of the three valid asymmetrical breaking operations for single-phase tests in substitution of three-phasefor kpp = 1,2 and 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
135<\/td>\nTable 14 \u2013 Standard multipliers for TRV values for second and third clearing poles
Table 15 \u2013 Arcing window for tests with symmetrical current <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
136<\/td>\nFigure 39 \u2013 Graphical representation of the arcing window andthe pole factor kp, determining the TRV of the individual pole,for systems with a kpp of 1,2
Figure 40 \u2013 Graphical representation of the arcing window and the pole factor kp, determining the TRV of the individual pole, for systems with a kpp of 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
137<\/td>\n7.105 Short-circuit test quantities
Figure 41 \u2013 Graphical representation of the arcing window and the pole factor kp, determining the TRV of the individual pole, for systems with a kpp of 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
140<\/td>\nFigure 42 \u2013 Representation of a specified TRV by a 4-parameter reference line and a delay line <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
141<\/td>\nFigure 43 \u2013 Representation of a specified TRV by a two-parameter reference line and a delay line
Figure 44 \u2013 Basic circuit for terminal fault with ITRV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
142<\/td>\nFigure 45 \u2013 Representation of ITRV in relationship to TRV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
143<\/td>\nTable 16 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for class S1 circuit-breakers rated for kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
145<\/td>\nTable 17 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for class S1 circuit-breakers rated for kpp = 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
147<\/td>\nTable 18 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for class S2 circuit-breakers rated for kpp = 1,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
149<\/td>\nTable 19 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for class S2 circuit-breakers rated for kpp = 1,3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
152<\/td>\nTable 20 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for circuit-breakers rated for kpp = 1,2 or 1,3 \u2013 Rated voltages of 100 kV and above <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
154<\/td>\nTable 21 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for circuit-breakers rated for kpp = 1,5 \u2013Rated voltages of 100 kV to 170 kV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
156<\/td>\nFigure 46 \u2013 Example of line transient voltage with time delay with non-linear rate of rise <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
157<\/td>\nTable 22 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for out-of-phase testson class S1 circuit-breakers for kpp = 2,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
158<\/td>\nTable 23 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for out-of-phase testson class S1 circuit-breakers for kpp = 2,0
Table 24 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for out-of-phase testson class S2 circuit-breakers for kpp = 2,5 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
159<\/td>\nTable 25 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for out-of-phase tests onclass S2 circuit-breakers for kpp = 2,0
Table 26 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for out-of-phase tests on circuit-breakersrated for kpp = 2,5 \u2013 Rated voltages of 100 kV to 170 kV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
160<\/td>\n7.106 Short-circuit test procedure
Table 27 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for out-of-phase tests on circuit-breakersrated for kpp = 2,0 \u2013 Rated voltages of 100 kV and above <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
162<\/td>\n7.107 Terminal fault tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
166<\/td>\n7.108 Additional short-circuit tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
167<\/td>\nFigure 47 \u2013 Necessity of additional single-phase tests and requirements for testing <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
168<\/td>\nTable 28 \u2013 Prospective TRV parameters for single-phase and double-earth fault tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
169<\/td>\n7.109 Short-line fault tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
170<\/td>\nTable 29 \u2013 Values of line characteristics for short-line faults <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
172<\/td>\nFigure 48 \u2013 Basic circuit arrangement for short-line fault testing and prospective TRV-circuit-type a) according to 7.109.3: Source side and line side with time delay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
173<\/td>\nFigure 49 \u2013 Basic circuit arrangement for short-line fault testing \u2013 circuit type b1) according to 7.109.3: Source side with ITRV and line side with time delay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
174<\/td>\nFigure 50 \u2013 Basic circuit arrangement for short-line fault testing \u2013 circuit type b2) according to 7.109.3: Source side with time delay and line side without time delay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
175<\/td>\nFigure 51 \u2013 Example of a line side transient voltage with time delay <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
176<\/td>\nFigure 52 \u2013 Flow chart for the choice of short-line fault test circuits <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
178<\/td>\nFigure 53 \u2013 Compensation of deficiency of the source side time delayby an increase of the excursion of the line side voltage <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
180<\/td>\nTable 30 \u2013 Values of prospective TRV for the supply circuit of short-line fault tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
181<\/td>\n7.110 Out-of-phase making and breaking tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
182<\/td>\nTable 31 \u2013 Test-duties to demonstrate the out-of-phase rating <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
183<\/td>\n7.111 Capacitive current tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
185<\/td>\nTable 32 \u2013 Specified values of u1, t1, uc and t2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
187<\/td>\nTable 33 \u2013 Common requirements for test-duties <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
194<\/td>\nFigure 54 \u2013 Recovery voltage for capacitive current breaking tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
196<\/td>\nFigure 55 \u2013 Reclassification procedure for line and cable-charging current tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
197<\/td>\n7.112 Requirements for making and breaking tests on class E2 circuit-breakers having a rated voltage above 1 kV up to and including 52 kV
Figure 56 \u2013 Reclassification procedure for capacitor bank current tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
198<\/td>\n8 Routine tests
8.1 General
Table 34 \u2013 Operating sequence for electrical endurance test on class E2circuit-breakers for auto-reclosing duty <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
199<\/td>\n8.2 Dielectric test on the main circuit
Table 35 \u2013 Application of voltage for dielectric test on the main circuit <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
200<\/td>\nTable 36 \u2013 Test voltage for partial discharge test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
201<\/td>\n8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits
8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit
8.5 Tightness test
8.6 Design and visual checks
8.101 Mechanical operating tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
203<\/td>\n9 Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear (informative)
9.101 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
205<\/td>\n9.102 Selection of rated values for service conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
207<\/td>\n9.103 Selection of rated values for fault conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
211<\/td>\n9.104 Selection for electrical endurance in networks of rated voltage above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV
9.105 Selection for switching of capacitive loads
10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders (informative)
10.1 General
10.2 Information with enquiries and orders <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
212<\/td>\n10.3 Information to be given with tenders <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
214<\/td>\n11 Transport, storage, installation, operation instructions and maintenance
11.1 General
11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation
11.3 Installation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
220<\/td>\n11.4 Operating instructions
11.5 Maintenance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
221<\/td>\n11.101 Resistors and capacitors
12 Safety
13 Influence of the product on the environment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
222<\/td>\nAnnexes
Annex A (normative) Calculation of TRVs for short-line faults from rated characteristics
A.1 Basic approach <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
224<\/td>\nFigure A.1 \u2013 Typical graph of line and source side TRV parameters \u2013 Line side and source side with time delay
Table A.1 \u2013 Ratios of voltage-drop and source-side TRV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
225<\/td>\nA.2 Transient voltage on line side
A.3 Transient voltage on source side <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
227<\/td>\nFigure A.2 \u2013 Actual course of the source side TRVfor short-line fault L90, L75 and L60 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
228<\/td>\nFigure A.3 \u2013 Typical graph of line and source side TRV parameters \u2013 Line side and source side with time delay, source side with ITRV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
229<\/td>\nA.4 Examples of calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
232<\/td>\nAnnex B (normative) Tolerances on test quantities during type tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
233<\/td>\nTable B.1 \u2013 Tolerances on test quantities for type tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
241<\/td>\nAnnex C (normative) Records and reports of type tests
C.1 Information and results to be recorded
C.2 Information to be included in type test reports <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
245<\/td>\nAnnex D (normative) Method of determination of the prospective TRV
D.1 General
D.2 Drawing the envelope <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
246<\/td>\nD.3 Determination of parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
247<\/td>\nFigure D.1 \u2013 Representation by four parameters of a prospective TRV of a circuit \u2013Case D.2 c) 1)
Figure D.2 \u2013 Representation by four parameters of a prospective TRV of a circuit \u2013Case D.2 c) 2) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
248<\/td>\nFigure D.3 \u2013 Representation by four parameters of a prospective TRV of a circuit \u2013Case D.2 c) 3) i)
Figure D.4 \u2013 Representation by two parameters of a prospective TRV of a circuit \u2013Case D.2 c) 3) ii) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
249<\/td>\nAnnex E (normative) Methods of determining prospective TRV waves
E.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250<\/td>\nFigure E.1 \u2013 Effect of depression on the peak value of the TRV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
251<\/td>\nE.2 General summary of the recommended methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
252<\/td>\nE.3 Detailed consideration of the recommended methods
Figure E.2 \u2013 Breaking with arc-voltage present <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
253<\/td>\nFigure E.3 \u2013 TRV in case of ideal breaking
Figure E.4 \u2013 Breaking with pronounced premature current-zero <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
254<\/td>\nFigure E.5 \u2013 Relationship between the values of current and TRV occurring in test and those prospective to the system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
255<\/td>\nFigure E.6 \u2013 Breaking with post-arc current <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
256<\/td>\nFigure E.7 \u2013 Schematic diagram of power-frequency current injection apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
257<\/td>\nFigure E.8 \u2013 Sequence of operation of power-frequency current injection apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
259<\/td>\nFigure E.9 \u2013 Schematic diagram of capacitance injection apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
260<\/td>\nFigure E.10 \u2013 Sequence of operation of capacitor-injection apparatus <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
263<\/td>\nE.4 Comparison of methods <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
264<\/td>\nTable E.1 \u2013 Methods for determination of prospective TRV <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
267<\/td>\nAnnex F (informative) Requirements for breaking of transformer-limited faults by circuit-breakers with rated voltage higher than 1 kV
F.1 General
Figure F.1 \u2013 First example of transformer-limited fault (also called transformer-fed fault) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
268<\/td>\nF.2 Circuit-breakers with rated voltage less than 100 kV
Figure F.2 \u2013 Second example of transformer-limited fault (also called transformer-secondary fault) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
269<\/td>\nTable F.1 \u2013 Required values of prospective TRV for T30, for circuit-breakers intended to be connected to a transformer with a connection of small capacitance \u2013 Rated voltage higher than 1 kV and less than 100 kV for non-effectively earthed neutral systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
270<\/td>\nF.3 Circuit-breakers with rated voltage from 100 kV to 800 kV
F.4 Circuit-breakers with rated voltage higher than 800 kV
Table F.2 \u2013 Required values of prospective TRV for circuit-breakers with rated voltages higher than 800 kV intended to be connected to a transformer with a connection of low capacitance <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
271<\/td>\nAnnex G (normative) Use of mechanical characteristics and related requirements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
273<\/td>\nAnnex H (normative) Requirements for making and breaking test procedures for metal-enclosed and dead tank circuit-breakers
H.1 General
H.2 Reduced number of making and breaking units for testing purposes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
274<\/td>\nH.3 Tests for single pole in one enclosure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
275<\/td>\nFigure H.1 \u2013 Test configuration considered in Table H.1, Table H.2 and Table H.3
Table H.1 \u2013 Three-phase capacitive current breaking in service conditions: voltages on the source-side, load-side, and recovery voltages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
276<\/td>\nTable H.2 \u2013 Corresponding capacitive current-breaking tests in accordance with 7.111.7 for single-phase laboratory tests. Values of voltageson the source-side, load-side, and recovery voltages <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
277<\/td>\nH.4 Tests for three poles in one enclosure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
278<\/td>\nTable H.3 \u2013 Capacitive current breaking in actual service conditions: maximum typical voltage values <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
279<\/td>\nAnnex I (normative) Requirements for circuit-breakers with opening resistors
I.1 General
I.2 Switching performance to be verified
Figure I.1 \u2013 Typical system configuration for breaking by a circuit-breaker with opening resistors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
281<\/td>\nFigure I.2 \u2013 Test circuit for test-duties T60 and T100 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
282<\/td>\nFigure I.3 \u2013 Test circuit for test-duties T10, T30 and OP2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
283<\/td>\nTable I.1 \u2013 Results of the TRV calculation for terminal faults and out-of-phase <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
284<\/td>\nFigure I.4 \u2013 Example of an underdamped TRV for T100s(b),Ur = 1 100 kV Isc = 50 kA, fr = 50 Hz <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
285<\/td>\nFigure I.5 \u2013 Example of an overdamped TRV for T10,Ur = 1 100 kV Isc = 50 kA, fr = 50 Hz <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
286<\/td>\nFigure I.6 \u2013 Example of a test circuit for short-line fault test-duty L90 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
287<\/td>\nFigure I.7 \u2013 Example of real line simulation for short-line fault test-duty L90 based on Ur = 1 100 kV, Isc = 50 kA and fr = 50 Hz
Table I.2 \u2013 Results of the TRV calculation for test-duty L90 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
289<\/td>\nFigure I.8 \u2013 Typical recovery voltage waveshape of capacitive current breaking on a circuit-breaker equipped with opening resistors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
290<\/td>\nFigure I.9 \u2013 Typical recovery voltage waveshape of T10(based on Ur = 1 100 kV, Isc = 50 kA and fr = 50 Hz) on the resistorswitch of a circuit-breaker equipped with opening resistors
Table I.3 \u2013 Results of the TRV calculations for test-duty T10 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
292<\/td>\nI.3 Insertion time of the resistor
I.4 Current carrying performance
I.5 Dielectric performance
I.6 Mechanical performance
I.7 Requirements for the specification of opening resistors
I.8 Examples of recovery voltage waveshapes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
293<\/td>\nFigure I.10 \u2013 TRV waveshapes for high short-circuit current breaking operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
294<\/td>\nFigure I.11 \u2013 Currents in case of high short-circuit current breaking operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
295<\/td>\nFigure I.12 \u2013 TRV shapes for low short-circuit current breaking operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
296<\/td>\nFigure I.13 \u2013 Currents in case of low short-circuit current breaking operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
297<\/td>\nFigure I.14 \u2013 Voltage waveshapes for line-charging current breaking operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
298<\/td>\nFigure I.15 \u2013 Current waveshapes for line-charging current breaking operation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
299<\/td>\nAnnex J (normative) Verification of capacitive current breaking in presence of single or two-phase earth faults
J.1 General
J.2 Test voltage
J.3 Test current <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
300<\/td>\nJ.4 Test-duty
J.5 Criteria to pass the tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
301<\/td>\nBibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Alternating current circuit-breakers<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Published By<\/td>\nPublication Date<\/td>\nNumber of Pages<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BSI<\/b><\/a><\/td>\n2022<\/td>\n302<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":410639,"template":"","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false},"product_cat":[516,2641],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-410632","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-29-130-10","7":"product_cat-bsi","9":"first","10":"instock","11":"sold-individually","12":"shipping-taxable","13":"purchasable","14":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/410632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/410639"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=410632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=410632"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pdfstandards.shop\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=410632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}