| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1<\/td>\n | PUBLISHED DOCUMENT <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 2<\/td>\n | Committees responsible for this Published Document <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 3<\/td>\n | Contents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 8<\/td>\n | Overview of the PD 7974 series of Published Documents <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 9<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions enclosure fire safety engineering time equivalent sensitivity analysis structural frames duration of steady burning <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 5 Design approach 5.1 Design principles <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 17<\/td>\n | Methodology for design of all sub-systems in the PD 7974 series <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | Methodology for design of sub-system 3 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 5.2 Routes for fire spread <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | Routes of fire transmission <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | Routes of fire transmission <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 5.3 Mechanisms for fire spread <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 23<\/td>\n | 5.4 Factors influencing fire spread <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | The inter-relationship between the inputs and outputs of sub-system 3 and the other sub-systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 6 Inputs 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Building characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | Nomogram for modification factor for ventilation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 6.3 Environmental influences 6.4 Rate of heat release 6.5 Enclosure temperature 6.6 Time to onset of flashover 6.7 Duration of steady burning 7 Outputs 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Building characteristics <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | 7.3 Time to fire spread from enclosure 7.4 Time to structural failure 8 Analysis of mechanisms of fire spread 8.1 Forms of analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | Appropriate combination of various forms of analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | Overview of means of analysis for each fire spread mechanism <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 8.2 Standard fire resistance tests <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | 8.3 Experimental large and small scale fire tests 8.4 Expert assessment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | 8.5 Quantitative analysis of fire spread mechanisms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | Flash-ignition temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | Configuration factors for typical scenarios <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 39<\/td>\n | Maximum permitted radiation dose to building occupants <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | 9 Characterization of the fire conditions 9.1 Introduction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | Procedure for quantitative analysis of fire conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | 9.2 Characterization using standardized models of fire (by fire type or occupancy type) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | 9.3 Determination of fire conditions from experimental investigation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 44<\/td>\n | 9.4 Determination of fire conditions through engineering calculations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | Values of <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 46<\/td>\n | Possible values for Possible values for \u00e6 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | Notional radiation levels from openings in enclosures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | Flame characteristics from an opening with no through draft <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | Flame characteristics from an opening with a through draft <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 51<\/td>\n | Effect of automatic sprinklers on expected fire conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 52<\/td>\n | 10 Analysis of thermal response 10.1 Thermal response of elements within enclosure 10.2 Empirical data on the temperature response of members to standard fire conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | 10.3 Empirically based calculations for temperature response <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | Calculation of section factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 56<\/td>\n | Calculation of element factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 57<\/td>\n | Calculation of element factors (EF) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 58<\/td>\n | Compartment parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 59<\/td>\n | Location and shielding recommendations for columns between windows <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 60<\/td>\n | Location and shielding recommendations for columns opposite windows (one wall) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 61<\/td>\n | Location and shielding recommendations for columns opposite windows (two\ufffdwalls) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 62<\/td>\n | Spandrel beam with shielded flanges Location and shielding recommendations for spandrel beam <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 63<\/td>\n | Typical set of coating thicknesses for a profile spray applied protection system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 64<\/td>\n | Typical set of board thicknesses for a box encasement fire protection system <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 67<\/td>\n | 10.4 Full analytical approach to prediction of thermal response Heat transfer coefficients in standard furnace test <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 68<\/td>\n | Guidance on the resultant emissivities of materials 10.5 Temperature dependent thermal properties of construction materials <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 71<\/td>\n | Mean coefficient of expansion for stainless steels <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 73<\/td>\n | Density of stainless steel at elevated temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 74<\/td>\n | Rate of charring of timber according to BS 5268-4.1 Rate of charring of timber according to DD ENV 1995-1-2 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 76<\/td>\n | Density of masonry units <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 78<\/td>\n | 11 Analysis of mechanical response of loadbearing elements 11.1 Introduction Partial safety factors for loads (illustrative) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 79<\/td>\n | 11.2 Increased loads 11.3 Reduced loads 11.4 Mechanical response of concrete loadbearing elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 80<\/td>\n | 11.5 Mechanical response of loadbearing metal elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 81<\/td>\n | Limiting temperatures of hot finished structural steel (235, 275 and 355) Load ratio for cold formed steelwork [44] <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 84<\/td>\n | 11.6 Mechanical response of loadbearing timber elements 11.7 Mechanical response of loadbearing masonry elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 85<\/td>\n | 11.8 Mechanical response of loadbearing composite elements of construction <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 86<\/td>\n | Load ratios for concrete filled columns <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 88<\/td>\n | 11.9 Mechanical response of loadbearing polymeric elements and fibre reinforced systems <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 89<\/td>\n | Heat penetration of laminates with different resins subject to the hydrocarbon fire curve 11.10 Mechanical response of loadbearing glazed elements 11.11 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of concrete <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 90<\/td>\n | 11.12 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of structural steels, cold formed steels, reinf… Mathematical model for stress-strain relationships of structural steel at elevated temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 91<\/td>\n | Description of stress-strain parameters in <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 92<\/td>\n | Graphical presentation of reduction factors <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 93<\/td>\n | Reduction factors for stress-strain relationships of structural steel at elevated temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 94<\/td>\n | Graphical presentation of the stress-strain relationships of structural steel at elevated tempera… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 95<\/td>\n | Strength reduction factor for structural steel grades 275 and 355 to BS\ufffdEN\ufffd10025 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 96<\/td>\n | Values for the three main parameters Strength reduction factor for cold formed galvanized steel to BS\ufffdEN\ufffd10147 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 97<\/td>\n | Strength reduction factor for bolts Strength reduction factors for welds <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 98<\/td>\n | Strength reduction factors for fillet welds 11.13 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of stainless steel Stress-strain model for stainless steel at elevated temperatures Stress-strain parameters for stainless steel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 99<\/td>\n | 11.14 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of cast iron and wrought iron <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 100<\/td>\n | 11.15 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of aluminium alloys Elastic modulus of aluminium alloys at elevated temperatures <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 101<\/td>\n | Strength reduction for various aluminium alloys at elevated temperatures 11.16 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of timber 11.17 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of masonry 11.18 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of solid polymers with or without fibre reinfor… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 102<\/td>\n | 11.19 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of composite construction systems 11.20 Temperature dependent mechanical properties of glazing 12 Analysis of mechanical response of loadbearing structural frames <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 103<\/td>\n | 13 Behaviour of separating elements in fire 13.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 104<\/td>\n | 13.2 Behaviour of fire resisting separating elements <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 106<\/td>\n | Recommended fire protection thickness to compensate for deficiencies in concrete thickness\/reinfo… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 128<\/td>\n | 13.3 Maintaining the separating capability of elements or constructions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 130<\/td>\n | Typical detail showing protection to a floor beam with a service penetration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 133<\/td>\n | 13.4 The extended application process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 135<\/td>\n | 13.5 Behaviour of non-fire resisting separating elements Notional period of fire endurance where imperforate condition may be assumed for unproven element… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 136<\/td>\n | (normative) Typical properties of construction materials (normative) Typical properties of construction materials Ambient properties of typical enclosure lining materials (illustrative) Further ambient temperature properties of typical enclosure lining materials (illustrative) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 137<\/td>\n | (normative) Data on the mechanical properties of steel (normative) Data on the mechanical properties of steel Elevated temperature stress\u2013strain data for grade 275 steel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 138<\/td>\n | Elevated temperature stress\u2013strain data for grade 355 steel <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 139<\/td>\n | Various parameters of steel grade EN\ufffd1.4301 for stress-strain relationships of stainless steel at… Various parameters of steel grade EN\ufffd1.4401\/EN\ufffd1.4404 for stress\ufffdstrain relationships of stainles… Various parameters of steel grade EN\ufffd1.4571 for stress-strain relationships of stainless steel at… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 140<\/td>\n | Various parameters of steel grade EN\ufffd1.4462 for stress-strain relationships of stainless steel at… Various parameters of steel grade EN 1.4003 for stress-strain relationships of stainless steel at… <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 141<\/td>\n | (normative) Data on composite sandwich panels (normative) Data on composite sandwich panels Thermal elongation\/expansion Thermal elongation\/expansion data for composite sandwich panels Specific heat capacity Specific heat capacity data for composite sandwich panels Thermal conductivity <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 142<\/td>\n | Thermal conductivity of cellular glass Thermal conductivity of expanded polystyrene Thermal conductivity of extruded polystyrene <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 143<\/td>\n | Thermal conductivity of phenolic foam Thermal conductivity of polyisocyanurate foam Thermal conductivity of rigid polyurethane foam <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 144<\/td>\n | Heat transfer via conduction Density Density of composite sandwich panels (informative) Methodology for establishing the extended application\ufffdof fire resistance test results (informative) Methodology for establishing the extended application\ufffdof fire resistance test results General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 145<\/td>\n | Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 146<\/td>\n | Terms and definitions direct application extended application rules calculations (in support of extended application) expert judgement construction parameter thermal and mechanical parameters factor factor influence <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 147<\/td>\n | Principles of establishing the field of application Types of field of application Variations to be considered when performing an extended application analysis <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 148<\/td>\n | Establishing the influence of a variation in a parameter on the performance of the element <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 150<\/td>\n | Explanation of the expert analysis process <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 151<\/td>\n | Contents of the Extended Applications Report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Application of fire safety engineering principles to the design of buildings – Structural response and fire spread beyond the enclosure of origin (Sub-system 3)<\/b><\/p>\n |