EIA/ECA 797-2014

$9.75

Aluminum-Electrolytic Capacitor Application Guideline

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ECIA	2014	38

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Category: ECIA

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Description

Overview

Except for a few surface-mount technology (SMT) aluminum
electrolytic capacitor types with solid electrolyte systems an
aluminum electrolytic capacitor consists of a wound capacitor
element, impregnated with liquid electrolyte, connected to
terminals and sealed in a can. The element is comprised of an anode
foil, paper separators saturated with electrolyte and a cathode
foil. The foils are high-purity aluminum and are etched to increase
the surface area in contact with the electrolyte.

While it may appear that the capacitance is between the two
foils, actually the capacitance is between the anode foil and the
electrolyte. The positive plate is the anode foil; the dielectric
is the insulating aluminum oxide on the anode foil; the true
negative plate is the conductive, liquid electrolyte, and the
cathode foil merely connects to the electrolyte.

This construction delivers colossal capacitance because etching
the foils can increase surface area more than 100 times and the
aluminum-oxide dielectric is less than a micrometer thick. Thus the
resulting capacitor has very large plate area and the plates are
awfully close together.

These capacitors routinely offer capacitance values from 0.1 µF
to 3 F and voltage ratings from 5 V to 500 V. They are polar
devices, having distinct positive and negative terminals, and are
offered in an enormous variety of styles which include molded and
can-style SMT devices, axial- and radial-leaded can styles, snap-in
terminals styles and large-can, screw-terminal styles.
Representative capacitance-voltage combinations include:

a) 330 µF at 100 V, 1000 µF at 50 V and 6800 µF at 10 V for SMT
devices;

b) 100 µF at 450 V, 6,800 µF at 50 V and 10,000 µF at 10 V for
miniature-can styles;

c) 1200 µF at 450 V and 39,000 µF at 50 V for snap-in can
styles;

d) 9000 µF at 450 V and 390,000 µF at 50 V for large-can
screw-terminal styles.

Additional information