BSI PD IEC TR 63463:2024
$215.11
Life extension guidelines for HVDC converter stations
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2024 | 104 |
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | undefined |
| 4 | CONTENTS |
| 9 | FOREWORD |
| 11 | INTRODUCTION |
| 14 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions |
| 16 | 4 General procedure for performing a life assessment 4.1 General |
| 17 | 4.2 Preparation 4.3 Team |
| 18 | 4.4 Assessment process |
| 19 | 4.5 Deliverable 4.6 Life assessment timetable |
| 20 | Figures Figure 1 – Typical lifetime of systems/equipment in HVDC stations |
| 21 | Tables Table 1 – HVDC equipment lifetimes (typical) |
| 22 | 5 Thyristor based HVDC systems performance issues 5.1 General 5.2 Survey of availability and reliability of HVDC systems in the world 5.2.1 General 5.2.2 AC and auxiliary equipment |
| 23 | 5.3 Operating history 5.4 Major equipment/system/sub-system failure/refurbishment summary |
| 24 | 5.5 Life assessment and various options for a refurbishment project |
| 26 | 5.6 Methods for assessing reliability, availability and maintainability of existing components |
| 27 | 5.7 Basis for replacement/refurbishment of equipment |
| 28 | Figure 2 – Typical equipment performance curve |
| 29 | 5.8 Performance after replacement and refurbishment 6 Life assessment and life extension measures of equipment 6.1 General |
| 30 | 6.2 Spares 6.3 Converter transformers 6.3.1 General |
| 31 | 6.3.2 Life assessment 6.3.3 Refurbishment/Replacement |
| 32 | 6.4 HVDC control and protection 6.4.1 General 6.4.2 HVDC converter controls |
| 33 | 6.4.3 Valve base electronics (VBE) |
| 34 | 6.5 Thyristor valves 6.5.1 General 6.5.2 Life assessment |
| 35 | 6.5.3 Refurbishment/Replacement |
| 36 | 6.6 Valve cooling system 6.6.1 General 6.6.2 Life assessment 6.6.3 Refurbishment/Replacement |
| 37 | 6.7 DC equipment 6.7.1 General 6.7.2 Oil-filled smoothing reactors |
| 38 | 6.7.3 Air-core smoothing reactors 6.7.4 DC voltage dividers |
| 39 | 6.7.5 DC current transducers 6.7.6 DC surge arresters |
| 40 | 6.7.7 DC support insulators and bus work |
| 41 | 6.7.8 DC switches 6.7.9 Station auxiliary supplies |
| 42 | 6.7.10 Earth electrodes and electrode lines 6.8 Cyber security |
| 43 | 6.9 AC filters 6.9.1 General |
| 44 | 6.9.2 AC filter capacitors 6.9.3 AC filter reactors |
| 45 | 6.9.4 AC filter resistors 6.10 DC filters 7 Guideline for assessing techno-economic life of major equipment: Operational issues – Maintenance cost/management and availability of spares 7.1 Types of components used within HVDC systems 7.1.1 General |
| 46 | 7.1.2 Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components 7.1.3 Configured products 7.1.4 Bespoke (customized) products 7.2 Management of obsolescence 7.2.1 General |
| 47 | 7.2.2 COTS, configured COTS components and bespoke components 7.2.3 Components designed to meet a specific specification |
| 48 | 8 Recommendation for specification of refurbishing HVDC system 8.1 General |
| 49 | 8.2 Main components of a converter station: guideline for the specification 8.2.1 Thyristor valves |
| 50 | 8.2.2 Cooling of the valves |
| 51 | 8.2.3 Converter transformers |
| 52 | 8.2.4 Smoothing reactor |
| 53 | 8.2.5 Control system |
| 55 | 8.3 Interfaces 8.3.1 General 8.3.2 Electrical interfaces 8.3.3 Mechanical interfaces 8.3.4 Environmental interfaces 8.3.5 Space interface |
| 56 | 8.3.6 Auxiliaries interface 8.3.7 I/O interfaces 8.3.8 Example: valve and control system refurbishment Figure 3 – Example of valve and control system refurbishment |
| 57 | 8.4 Maintainability including spares requirement 8.5 Cost minimization |
| 58 | 8.6 Replacement time minimization 8.7 Operation outage minimization 8.7.1 Outage due to refurbishment works: brownfield and greenfield |
| 59 | 8.7.2 Outage due to a forced maintenance 8.7.3 Outage for scheduled maintenance 8.8 Guarantees, performance and warranties |
| 60 | 9 Testing of refurbished/replacement equipment 10 Environmental issues 10.1 General |
| 61 | 10.2 Insulating oil |
| 62 | 10.3 Polychlorinated biphenyl 10.4 Sulphur hexafluoride gas |
| 63 | 10.5 Halon gas |
| 64 | 10.6 Refrigerants 10.7 Asbestos 10.8 Audible noise |
| 65 | 10.9 Electromagnetic effects 10.10 Mitigation of environmental issues |
| 66 | 11 Interfaces and employer inputs 11.1 General – Interface issues Table 2 – Environmental issues associated with various HVDCequipment and mitigation techniques |
| 67 | 11.2 System studies 11.2.1 General |
| 68 | Table 3 – List of possible system studies to be conductedin case of HVDC refurbishment |
| 69 | 11.2.2 Refurbishment of HVDC projects |
| 70 | Table 4 – List of various typical studies/design carried out for refurbishment of HVDC |
| 72 | 11.3 Control and protection 11.3.1 General |
| 73 | 11.3.2 Mechanical interface control and protection system 11.4 Thyristor / Valves Figure 4 – Interfaces between HVDC C&P, VBE and thyristor valves |
| 74 | 11.5 Transformer |
| 75 | 11.6 Equipment AC/DC yard 11.6.1 General 11.6.2 Measuring devices |
| 76 | 11.7 Auxiliaries 12 Outage planning 12.1 General |
| 77 | 12.2 Stage 1: Activities before outage Figure 5 – Typical refurbishment sequence and outage time |
| 78 | 12.3 Stage 2: Outage 12.4 Stage 3: System test, performance and trial operation 12.4.1 General 12.4.2 System tests |
| 79 | 12.4.3 Performance tests 13 Regulatory issues 13.1 General |
| 81 | 13.2 Renovation and modernization 13.3 Recommendation 14 Techno-economics – Financial analysis of refurbishment options 14.1 Objective of financial analysis 14.2 Preliminary designs |
| 82 | 14.3 Reliability and availability models 14.4 Financial models |
| 83 | 14.5 Impact of discrete events on financial models 14.6 Cost-benefit analysis 14.6.1 General 14.6.2 Background 14.6.3 Alternatives |
| 85 | Annex A (informative)Refurbishment experience A.1 Long distance HVDC A.1.1 Pacific Intertie |
| 86 | A.1.2 New Zealand 1&2 A.1.3 CU A.1.4 Square Butte A.1.5 Skagerrak1&2 |
| 87 | A.1.6 Cahora Bassa A.1.7 Intermountain Power Project |
| 88 | A.1.8 Cross Channel A.1.9 FennoSkan1 A.1.10 Inga Kolwezi A.1.11 Kontek A.1.12 Gotland 2&3 A.1.13 KontiSkan 2 A.1.14 KontiSkan 1 |
| 89 | A.1.15 Baltic Cable A.1.16 Directlink 1, 2 & 3 A.1.17 Murraylink A.1.18 Nelson River Bipole 1 – Pole 1 Valves, valve cooling and valve controls A.1.19 Nelson River Bipole 1 – Pole 2 Valves and valve cooling |
| 90 | A.1.20 Nelson River Bipole 1 and 2 – Smoothing reactors A.1.21 Basslink A.1.22 Trans Bay Cable A.1.23 East South Interconnector II (Upgrade – Power capability enhancement 2 000 MW to 2 500 MW) – in 2006 A.1.24 Rihand Dadri HVDC refurbishment |
| 91 | A.1.25 Gezhouba-Shanghai ±500 kV HVDC project A.1.26 Tian-Guang ±500 kV HVDC project A.1.27 Ormoc-Naga 344 kV HVDC project A.1.28 Luchaogang-Shengsi ±50 kV HVDC project |
| 92 | A.2 Back-to-back HVDC A.2.1 Blackwater A.2.2 Châteauguay A.2.3 Highgate A.2.4 Eel river A.2.5 Madawaska |
| 93 | A.2.6 Rapid city A.2.7 Vindhyachal HVDC refurbishment A.2.8 Welsh HVDC converter station A.3 Multiterminal – Quebec New England multiterminal DC (MTDC) |
| 94 | Annex B (informative)Replacement of LCC station with VSC station B.1 General B.1.1 Overview B.1.2 Line commutated converter B.1.3 Voltage sourced converters B.1.4 Comparison between LCC and VSC HVDC converters Table B.1 – Comparison between LCC and VSC converters |
| 95 | B.1.5 Replacement of LCC station with VSC station |
| 96 | B.1.6 Converter transformers |
| 97 | B.1.7 Smoothing reactors B.1.8 DC switchgear B.1.9 Control and protection B.1.10 AC filters |
| 98 | B.1.11 DC filters B.1.12 DC measuring equipment B.1.13 Auxiliary supplies B.1.14 Valve cooling |
| 99 | Bibliography |
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