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This Published Document is a background paper that gives non-contradictory complementary information for use in the UK with BS EN 1991‑1‑4:2005 and its UK National Annex.

This Published Document gives:

background to the decisions made in the National Annexes for some of the Nationally Determined Parameters;
commentary on some specific subclauses from BS EN 1991‑1‑4:2005 ; and
additional data that can be used in conjunction with BS EN 1991‑1‑4:2005 .

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
5	Foreword
7	Introduction 1 Scope 2 UK National Annex to BS EN 1991-1-4:2005
8	Figure 1 An example of altitude correction factors
10	Figure 2 Hill parameters in undulating terrain
17	3 Data that can be used in conjunction with BS EN 1991-1-4:2005
18	Figure 3 Typical examples of buildings with re-entrant corners and recessed bays
19	Figure 4 Examples of flush irregular walls
20	Figure 5 Keys for walls of inset storey
21	Figure 6 Key for inset storey Figure 7 Key to canopies attached to buildings Table 1 Global vertical force coefficients for canopies attached to tall buildings
22	Table 2 Internal pressure coefficients cpi for open-sided buildings Table 3 Internal pressure coefficients cpi for open-topped vertical cylinders
23	Figure 8 Wind directions for a rectangular plan building
25	Figure 9 Key for vertical walls of buildings Figure 10 Definitions of crosswind breadth and in wind depth Table 4 External pressure coefficients Cpe for vertical walls of rectangular-plan buildings
26	Table 5 Reduction factors for zone A on vertical walls of polygonal‑plan buildings
27	Annex A (informative) Vortex shedding and aeroelastic instabilities
30	Table A.1 Strouhal numbers St for different cross-sections
31	Figure A.1 Strouhal number St for rectangular cross-sections with sharp corners Figure A.2 Strouhal number St for bridge decks
33	Figure A.3 Bridge types and reference dimensions
34	Figure A.4 Bridge deck details
37	Table A.2 Basic value of the lateral force coefficient clat,0 for different cross-sections
38	Figure A.5 Basic value of the lateral force coefficient clat,0 versus Reynolds number Re(vcrit,i) Table A.3 Lateral force coefficient clat versus critical wind velocity ratio vcrit,i/vm,Lj
39	Figure A.6 Examples for application of the correlation length Lj (j = 1, 2, 3)
40	Table A.4 Effective correlation length Lj as a function of vibration amplitude yF(sj)
41	Table A.5 Correlation length factor KW and mode shape factor K for some simple structures
43	Figure A.7 In-line and grouped arrangements of cylinders
45	Table A.6 Constants for determination of the effect of vortex shedding
48	Table A.7 Assessment of vortex excitation effects
50	Table A.8 Factor of galloping instability aG
51	Table A.9 �Data for the estimation of crosswind response of coupled cylinders at in-line and grouped arrangements
54	Figure A.8 Geometric parameters for interference galloping
55	Figure A.9 �Rate of change of aerodynamic moment coefficient dcM/dθ with respect to geometric centre “GC” for rectangular section
58	Annex B (informative) Along-wind response of lattice towers
60	Figure B.1 Gust peak factor (Davenport’s g) Table B.1 �Length scale zLu for a single roughness change from sea to country terrain, for an upwind fetch from site to sea of x(km)
62	Figure B.2 Definition of fetch for two roughness changes Table B.2 Length scale for zLu for two roughness changes where x1 = 0,1 km for an upwind fetch of x km
63	Table B.3 Length scale for zLu for two roughness changes where x1 = 0,3 km for an upwind fetch of x km Table B.4 Length scale for zLu for two roughness changes where x1 = 1 km for an upwind fetch of x km
64	Table B.5 Length scale for zLu for two roughness changes where x1 = 3 km for an upwind fetch of x km Table B.6 Length scale for zLu for two roughness changes where x1 = 10 km for an upwind fetch of x km
65	Table B.7 Length scale for zLu for two roughness changes where x1 = 30 km for an upwind fetch of x km
66	Figure B.3 Fictitious square lattice tower with 12 panels
67	Table B.8 Meteorological parameters
68	Table B.9 Non‑dimensional coefficients, wind forces and wind moments
69	Table B.10 Values of c(z) c(z’)
70	Table B.11 Values of C(z‑z’) Table B.12 Values of c(z) c(z’) C(z‑z’)
72	Table B.13 Non‑dimensional coefficients and wind forces
73	Table B.14 Values of c(z) c(z’) Table B.15 Values of c(z) c(z’) C(z‑z’)
74	Table B.16 Non‑dimensional coefficients, wind forces and moments
76	Table B.17 Values of c(z) c(z’)
77	Table B.18 Values of C(z‑z’) Table B.19 Values of c(z) c(z’) C(z‑z’)
79	Table B.20 Non‑dimensional coefficients and wind forces
80	Table B.21 Values of c(z) c(z’) Table B.22 Values of c(z) c(z’) C(z‑z’)
82	Table B.23 Non‑dimensional coefficients and wind forces
83	Figure B.4 Illustration of parameters for shear patch loading
84	Table B.24 Lever arms, wind loads and moments above zip Table B.25 Lever arms, wind loads and moments below zip
86	Table B.26 Values of c(z) c(z’)
87	Table B.27 Valuesof C(z‑z’) Table B.28 Values of c(z) c(z’) C(z‑z’)
89	Table B.29 Meteorological parameters Table B.30 Non‑dimensional coefficients, wind forces and wind moments
91	Table B.31 Values of c(z) c(z’)
92	Table B.32 Values of C(z‑z’) Table B.33 Values of c(z) c(z’) C(z‑z’)
94	Table B.34 Large ancillary wind resistance
96	Bibliography

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
BSI	2015	102


PDF Format	Searchable	Printable	Preview Now

Status	Confirmed
Pages	102
Publication Date	2015-12-31
ISBN	978 0 580 91197 2
Standard Number	PD 6688-1-4:2015
Title	Background information to the National Annex to BS EN 1991-1-4 and additional guidance
Replaces	PD 6688-1-4:2009
Descriptors	Roofs, Pressure, Structural design, Design calculations, Loading, Climatic loading, Angles (geometry), Wind loading, Buildings, Dynamic pressure, Topography, Structural systems, Velocity, Walls, Chimneys, Aerodynamic characteristics, Bridges, Construction engineering works, Structures
Publisher	BSI
Committee	B/525
ICS Codes	91.010.30 - Technical aspects

BSI PD 6688-1-4:2015

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