BS EN 13979-1:2023:2024 Edition

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Railway applications. Wheelsets and bogies. Monobloc Wheels. Technical approval procedure – Forged and rolled wheels

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
BSI	2024	68

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Description

This document specifies a design assessment procedure of a forged and rolled monobloc wheel (RST). This assessment is carried out before the wheel is commissioned. This document describes, in particular, the assessment to be performed in order to use wheels on a European network which, in addition, have quality requirements in conformity with those defined in EN 13262. This assessment requires that the conditions of use for the wheel are defined and this standard provides a method for defining those conditions. The assessment of the design covers four aspects: – a geometrical aspect: to allow interchangeability of different solutions for the same application; - a thermomechanical aspect: to manage wheel deformations and to ensure that braking will not cause wheels to fracture; – a mechanical aspect: to ensure that no fatigue cracks occur in the wheel web and that no permanent deformation occurs under exceptional loading; – an acoustic aspect: to ensure that the solution chosen is as good as the reference wheel. This document does not cover assessment of the hub or of the rim. This document has been drawn up for wheels of nonpowered treadbraked wheelsets and applies in full to this type of wheel. For wheels on which disc brakes are mounted or toothed transmission wheels or even wheels with noise reduction devices, the requirements may be amended or supplemented. For urban railway vehicles, other standards or documents may be used.

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
2	undefined
11	1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions
12	4 Parameters for the definition of the application covered 4.1 General 4.2 Geometric parameters for interchangeability 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 Functional requirements 4.2.3 Assembly requirements
13	4.2.4 Maintenance requirements 4.3 Parameters for thermomechanical assessment of tread-braked wheels 4.3.1 Geometrical requirements for tread-braked wheels
14	4.3.2 Drag braking or consecutive stop braking 4.3.2.1 General 4.3.2.2 Freight wagons
15	4.3.2.3 Other types of rolling stock 4.3.3 Accidental drag braking incident 4.3.3.1 General 4.3.3.2 Fully tread-braked wheels 4.3.3.3 Partially tread-braked wheels 4.4 Mechanical assessment parameters
16	4.5 Acoustic assessment parameters 5 Description of the wheel, the design of which shall be assessed 6 Assessment of geometric interchangeability 7 Assessment of thermomechanical behaviour 7.1 General procedure
17	7.2 First stage – Braking bench test 7.2.1 Test procedure 7.2.2 Decision criteria
18	7.3 Second stage – Wheel fracture bench test 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Test procedure 7.3.3 Decision criterion 7.4 Third stage – Field braking test 7.4.1 General 7.4.2 Test procedure 7.4.3 Decision criteria
19	8 Assessment of mechanical behaviour 8.1 General procedure 8.2 First stage – Calculation 8.2.1 Applied forces 8.2.1.1 Exceptional loading 8.2.1.2 Fatigue loading
22	8.2.2 Calculation procedure 8.2.2.1 General 8.2.2.2 For exceptional loading 8.2.2.3 For fatigue loading 8.2.3 Decision criteria 8.2.3.1 For exceptional loading 8.2.3.2 For fatigue loading
23	8.3 Second stage – Bench test 8.3.1 General 8.3.2 Definition of bench loading and the test procedure 8.3.3 Decision criteria 9 Assessment of acoustic behaviour 10 Technical approval 10.1 Technical approval scope and process
25	10.2 Technical approval documents
26	Annex A (informative) Drag braking values A.1 Freight wagons A.2 Other types of rolling stock and specific freight wagons
27	Annexe B Annex B(normative) Assessment of thermomechanical behaviour B.1 Assessment flow chart
28	B.2 Braking bench test procedure B.2.1 Test principle B.2.2 Definition of drag braking B.2.3 Method for measuring decision criteria B.2.3.1 Measuring displacement
29	B.2.3.2 Measuring residual stresses B.2.4 Tests and measurements B.2.4.1 Pre-test measurements B.2.4.2 Braking tests
30	B.2.4.3 Measurements at the end of braking cycles B.2.5 Anomalies B.3 Wheel fracture bench testing procedure B.3.1 Test principle B.3.2 Creation of residual stresses in the rim of the wheel B.3.3 Pre-cracked rim
32	B.3.4 Definition of drag braking test B.3.5 Parameters for the wheel fracture bench test
33	B.3.6 Tests and measurements B.3.6.1 General B.3.6.2 Pre-cracked rim B.3.6.3 Wheel fracture
34	B.3.7 Anomalies B.4 Field braking test procedure B.4.1 Test principle B.4.2 Definition of braking
35	B.4.3 Method for measuring decision criteria B.4.3.1 Measuring displacement B.4.3.2 Measuring residual stresses B.4.4 Route type for testing B.4.4.1 Parameters linked to the vehicle of intended application
36	B.4.4.2 Other parameters B.4.4.3 Meteorological conditions B.4.4.4 Parameters associated with the track B.4.5 Tests and measurements B.4.5.1 Pre-test measurements B.4.5.2 Braking tests
37	B.4.5.3 Measurements at the end of the braking cycles B.4.6 Anomalies
38	Annex C(normative)Wheel profile diameter definition C.1 General C.2 Diameter after last reprofiling
39	C.3 Worn diameter
40	Annex D(normative) Assessment of mechanical behaviour D.1 Assessment flow chart
41	D.2 Calculation procedure in the case of exceptional load D.2.1 Principle D.2.2 Load D.3 Calculation procedure for cases of fatigue load D.3.1 Principle D.3.2 Load D.3.3 Method of calculation
43	Annex E(informative) Fatigue loading for narrow gauge tracks (close to a metre)
44	Annex F(informative) Fatigue loading for tilting trains
45	Annex G(normative) Mechanical behaviour – Finite element calculation assessment
46	Annex H(informative) Mechanical behaviour – Bench loading and test procedure H.1 Principle of bench loading and test procedure H.2 Definition of loads H.2.1 General H.2.2 Measurement of stresses during field tests
47	H.3 Fatigue bench test H.3.1 Method 1 – Random fatigue test H.3.1.1 Load matrix H.3.1.2 Monitoring the bench test
48	H.3.1.3 Random fatigue test H.3.1.4 End of test criteria H.3.2 Method 2 – Single-stage fatigue test H.3.2.1 Matrix and load spectrum H.3.2.2 Equivalent stress H.3.2.3 Single-stage fatigue test
49	H.3.2.4 Acceptance criterion H.3.2.5 Examples of benches
50	Annex I(informative) Assessment of acoustic behaviour I.1 General procedure I.2 Assessment procedure
51	I.3 Assessment criteria I.4 Decision criterion
52	I.5 Assessment flow chart
53	I.6 Calculation procedure I.6.1 General I.6.2 Calculating the wheel modal basis I.6.3 Defining the reference speeds I.6.4 Defining the reference combined wheel-rail roughness
55	I.6.5 Defining the reference track model
56	I.6.6 Defining the calculation parameters I.6.7 Calculating sound power
57	I.6.8 Factoring the weighted spectrum into sound power
58	I.6.9 Calculating the acceptance criterion I.6.10 Optional calculations I.7 Field measurement procedure I.7.1 General I.7.2 Environmental conditions I.7.3 Conditions for the track
59	I.7.4 Conditions for the train I.7.4.1 Conditions for the tread I.7.4.2 Composition of train
60	I.7.5 Positioning the measurement points I.7.6 Measurement quantities I.7.7 Test procedure I.7.7.1 Measuring roughness
61	I.7.7.2 Measurements trackside I.7.8 Data processing I.7.8.1 General I.7.8.2 Calculating combined roughness I.7.8.3 Calculating a representative quantity of sound power
62	I.7.8.4 Correcting standardized sound levels vis-à-vis a reference combined roughness I.7.8.5 Calculating the acceptance criterion
63	Annex J(informative) Ultrasonic method for determining residual stresses in the rim (non-destructive method) J.1 Procedure
64	J.2 Measurement uncertainty J.3 Calibrations J.4 Verifying measurement parameters

Additional information

Status	Definitive
Pages	68
Publication Date	2024-01-03
ISBN	978 0 539 18943 8
Standard Number	BS EN 13979-1:2023
Title	Railway applications. Wheelsets and bogies. Monobloc Wheels. Technical approval procedure – Forged and rolled wheels
Identical National Standard Of	EN 13979-1
Replaces	BS EN 13979-1:2020
Descriptors	Railway vehicle components, Railway vehicles, Wheels, Approval testing, Quality assurance systems, Design, Railway equipment, Bogies, Rolled products, Forgings, Acoustics
Publisher	BSI
Committee	RAE/3/-/1
ICS Codes	45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering

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