This part of IEC 60034 is intended to provide consistent guidelines for measuring and reporting end-winding vibration behaviour during operation and at standstill. It<\/p>\n
defines terms for measuring, analysis and evaluation of stator end-winding vibration and related structural dynamics,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
gives guidelines for measuring dynamic \/ structural characteristics offline and stator endwinding vibrations online,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
describes instrumentation and installation practices for end-winding vibration measurement equipment,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
establishes general principles for documentation of test results,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
describes the theoretical background of stator end-winding vibrations.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
This part of IEC 60034 is applicable to:<\/p>\n
three-phase synchronous generators, having rated outputs of 150 MVA and above driven by steam turbines or combustion turbines;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
three-phase synchronous direct online (DOL) motors, having rated output of 30 MW and above.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
This document is limited to the description of measurement procedures for 2-pole and 4-pole machines. For smaller ratings of machines than defined in this document, agreement can be made between the vendor and the purchaser for the selection of measurements in this document to be applied.<\/p>\n
| PDF Pages<\/th>\n | PDF Title<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2<\/td>\n | undefined <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 5<\/td>\n | Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 7<\/td>\n | CONTENTS <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 10<\/td>\n | FOREWORD <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 12<\/td>\n | INTRODUCTION Figures Figure 1 \u2013 Stator end-winding of a turbogenerator (left)and a large motor (right) at connection end with parallel rings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 13<\/td>\n | Figure 2 \u2013 Example for an end-winding structure of an indirect cooled machine <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 15<\/td>\n | 1 Scope 2 Normative references <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 16<\/td>\n | 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 3.1 Terms and definitions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 18<\/td>\n | 3.2 Abbreviated terms <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 19<\/td>\n | 4 Causes and effects of stator end-winding vibrations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 20<\/td>\n | 5 Measurement of stator end-winding structural dynamics at standstill 5.1 General 5.2 Experimental modal analysis 5.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 21<\/td>\n | 5.2.2 Measurement equipment <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 22<\/td>\n | 5.2.3 Measurement procedure <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 24<\/td>\n | Figure 3 \u2013 Measurement structure with point numbering and indication of excitation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 25<\/td>\n | 5.2.4 Evaluation of measured frequency response functions, identification of modes 5.2.5 Elements of test report Table 1 \u2013 Node number of highest mode shape in relevant frequency rangeand minimum number of measurement locations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 26<\/td>\n | 5.2.6 Interpretation of results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 27<\/td>\n | 5.3 Driving point analysis 5.3.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 28<\/td>\n | 5.3.2 Measurement equipment 5.3.3 Measurement procedure 5.3.4 Evaluation of measured FRFs, identification of modes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 29<\/td>\n | 5.3.5 Elements of test report 5.3.6 Interpretation of results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 30<\/td>\n | 6 Measurement of end-winding vibration during operation 6.1 General 6.2 Measurement equipment 6.2.1 General <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 31<\/td>\n | 6.2.2 Vibration transducers <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 32<\/td>\n | 6.2.3 Electro-optical converters for fiber optic systems 6.2.4 Penetrations for hydrogen-cooled machines 6.2.5 Data acquisition <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 33<\/td>\n | 6.3 Sensor installation 6.3.1 Sensor locations <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 34<\/td>\n | 6.3.2 Good installation practices <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 35<\/td>\n | 6.4 Most relevant dynamic characteristics to be retrieved <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 36<\/td>\n | 6.5 Identification of operational deflection shapes 6.6 Elements of test report <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 37<\/td>\n | 6.7 Interpretation of results <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 38<\/td>\n | 7 Repeated measurements for detection of structural changes 7.1 General 7.2 Reference measurements, operational parameters and their comparability <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 40<\/td>\n | 7.3 Choice of measurement actions Figure 4 \u2013 Simplified cause effect chain of stator end-winding vibrationand influencing operational parameters <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 41<\/td>\n | 7.4 Aspects of machine\u2019s condition and its history Table 2 \u2013 Possible measurement actions to gain insight intovarious aspects of the cause-effect chain. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 42<\/td>\n | Annex A (informative)Background causes and effects of stator end-winding vibrations A.1 Stator end-winding dynamics A.1.1 Vibration modes and operating deflection shape <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 43<\/td>\n | A.1.2 Excitation of stator end-winding vibrations A.1.3 Relevant vibration characteristics of stator end-windings <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 45<\/td>\n | Figure A.1 \u2013 Illustration of global vibration modes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 46<\/td>\n | A.1.4 Influence of operational parameter A.2 Increased stator end-winding vibrations A.2.1 General aspects of increased vibration <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 47<\/td>\n | A.2.2 Increase of stator end-winding vibrations levels over time and potential remedial actions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 48<\/td>\n | A.2.3 Transient conditions as cause for structural changes <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 49<\/td>\n | A.2.4 Special aspects of main insulation A.3 Operational deflection shape of global stator end-winding vibrations A.3.1 General A.3.2 Force distributions relevant for global vibrational behaviour <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 50<\/td>\n | A.3.3 Idealized global vibration behaviour while in operation Figure A.2 \u2013 Example of rotational force distribution for p = 1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 51<\/td>\n | Figure A.3 \u2013 Example of rotating operational vibration deflection wave for p = 1 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 52<\/td>\n | A.3.4 General vibration behaviour of stator end-windings Figure A.4 \u2013 Illustration of two vibration modes with different orientation in space (example for p = 1) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 53<\/td>\n | Figure A.5 \u2013 on-rotational operational vibration deflection wave (example for p = 1) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 54<\/td>\n | A.3.5 Positioning of sensors for the measurement of global vibration level Figure A.6 \u2013 Amplitude and phase distribution for a general case. <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 55<\/td>\n | Figure A.7 \u2013 Sensors for the measurement of global vibration level centred in the winding zones Figure A.8 \u2013 Measurement of global vibration level with 6 equidistantly distributed sensors in the centre of winding zones <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 56<\/td>\n | A.4 Operational deflection shape of local stator end-winding vibrations Figure A.9 \u2013 Example \u2013 Sensor positions for the measurement of local vibration level of the winding connection relative to global vibration level <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 57<\/td>\n | Annex B (informative)Data visualization B.1 General Figure B.1 \u2013 Measurement structure with point numbering and indication of excitation <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 58<\/td>\n | B.2 Standstill measurements Figure B.2 \u2013 Example for linearity test \uf02d Force signal and variance of related FRFs Figure B.3 \u2013 Example for reciprocity test \u2013 FRFs in comparison <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 59<\/td>\n | Figure B.4 \u2013 Example \u2013 Two overlay-plots of the same transfer functions but different dimensions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 60<\/td>\n | Figure B.5 \u2013 Shapes of the 4, 6 and 8-node modes with natural frequencies, measurement in one plane Figure B.6 \u2013 Mode shape of a typical 4-node mode with different viewing directions (stator end-winding and outer support ring) <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 61<\/td>\n | B.3 Measurements during operation Figure B.7 \u2013 Example \u2013 Amplitude and phase of dynamic compliance and coherence Figure B.8 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 Trend in displacement over time for 10 stator end-winding accelerometers, as well as one accelerometer mounted on the stator core <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 62<\/td>\n | Figure B.9 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 End-winding vibration, winding temperature trends over time, constant stator current Figure B.10 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 End-winding vibration,stator current trends over time, constant winding temperature <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 63<\/td>\n | Figure B.11 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 Example of variation in vibration levels at comparable operating conditions <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 64<\/td>\n | Figure B.12 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 Raw vibration signal, acceleration waveform Figure B.13 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 FFT and double integratedvibration signal, displacement spectrum <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 65<\/td>\n | Figure B.14 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 Displacement spectrum Figure B.15 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 Velocity spectrum <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 66<\/td>\n | Figure B.16 \u2013 2-pole, 60 Hz generator \u2013 Acceleration spectrum <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | ||||||
| 67<\/td>\n | Bibliography <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Rotating electrical machines – Measurement of stator end-winding vibration at form-wound windings<\/b><\/p>\n |