BS EN 438-2:2016+A1:2018:2019 Edition
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High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL). Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called laminates) – Determination of properties
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2019 | 102 |
This document specifies the methods of test for determination of the properties of high-pressure decorative laminates as defined in Clause 3. These methods are primarily intended for testing the sheets specified in EN 438-3, EN 438-4, EN 438-5, EN 438-6, EN 438-8, and EN 438-9.
The precision of the test methods, specified in this European Standard, is not known because inter-laboratory data are not yet available. When inter-laboratory data will be obtained, precision statements will be added to the test method at the following revision. For those test methods having an end point determination based on subjective judgement, it is not meaningful to make a statement of precision.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | undefined |
| 13 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 14 | 3 Terms and definitions 4 Assessment of appearance 4.1 Principle 4.2 Apparatus 4.3 Test specimen 4.4 Procedure |
| 15 | 4.5 Test report 5 Determination of thickness 5.1 Principle 5.2 Apparatus 5.3 Test specimen 5.4 Procedure |
| 16 | 5.5 Test report 6 Determination of length and width 6.1 Principle 6.2 Apparatus 6.3 Test specimen 6.4 Procedure 6.5 Expression of results 6.6 Test report |
| 17 | 7 Determination of edge straightness 7.1 Principle 7.2 Apparatus 7.3 Test specimen 7.4 Procedure 7.5 Expression of results |
| 18 | 7.6 Test report 8 Determination of edge squareness 8.1 Principle 8.2 Apparatus 8.3 Test specimen 8.4 Procedure |
| 19 | 8.5 Expression of results 8.6 Test report 9 Determination of flatness 9.1 Principle 9.2 Apparatus |
| 20 | 9.3 Test specimens 9.4 Procedure 9.5 Expression of results 9.6 Test report 10 Resistance to surface wear 10.1 Principle 10.2 Materials |
| 21 | 10.3 Apparatus 10.3.1 Abrasion resistance testing machine |
| 23 | 10.4 Test specimens 10.5 Preparation of specimens and abrasive paper 10.6 Procedure 10.6.1 Preparation of abrasive wheels 10.6.2 Calibration of abrasive paper 10.6.3 Abrasion of specimen |
| 24 | 10.7 Expression of results 10.8 Test report |
| 25 | 11 Resistance to abrasion (flooring grade laminates) 12 Resistance to immersion in boiling water 12.1 Principle 12.2 Apparatus 12.3 Test specimens |
| 26 | 12.4 Procedure 12.5 Expression of results 12.5.1 Calculation |
| 27 | 12.5.2 Surface rating scale 12.5.3 Edge rating scale 12.6 Test report 13 Substrate protection against water vapour 13.1 Principle |
| 28 | 13.2 Apparatus 13.3 Test specimens 13.4 Procedure |
| 29 | 13.5 Expression of results 13.6 Test report 14 Resistance to water vapour 14.1 Principle |
| 30 | 14.2 Apparatus 14.3 Test specimen 14.4 Procedure 14.5 Expression of results 14.6 Test report |
| 32 | 15 Resistance to wet conditions (Exterior grade laminates) 15.1 Principle 15.2 Apparatus 15.3 Test specimens 15.4 Procedure 15.5 Expression of results 15.5.1 Calculation |
| 33 | 15.5.2 Visual examination 15.5.2.1 General 15.5.2.2 Surface rating scale 15.5.2.3 Edge rating scale 15.6 Test report |
| 34 | 16 Resistance to dry heat 16.1 Principle 16.2 Apparatus and materials |
| 36 | 16.3 Test specimen 16.4 Test procedure 16.5 Examination of the test specimen 16.6 Expression of results |
| 37 | 16.7 Test report 17 Dimensional stability at elevated temperature 17.1 Principle 17.2 Apparatus |
| 38 | 17.3 Test specimens 17.4 Procedure 17.5 Expression of results |
| 39 | 17.6 Test report 18 Resistance to wet heat 18.1 Principle |
| 40 | 18.2 Apparatus and materials 18.3 Test specimens |
| 41 | 18.4 Procedure 18.5 Expression of results |
| 42 | 18.6 Test report 19 Resistance to climatic shock (exterior grade laminates) 19.1 Principle 19.2 Apparatus |
| 43 | 19.3 Test specimens 19.4 Procedure |
| 44 | 19.5 Expression of results 19.5.1 Flexural strength and modulus of elasticity in flexure 19.5.2 Appearance 19.6 Test report 20 Resistance to impact by small-diameter ball 20.1 Principle |
| 45 | 20.2 Materials 20.3 Apparatus |
| 48 | 20.4 Test specimens 20.5 Calibration of the impact tester |
| 49 | 20.6 Procedure |
| 50 | 20.7 Expression of results 20.8 Test report 21 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball 21.1 Principle |
| 51 | 21.2 Materials 21.3 Apparatus 21.4 Test specimens 21.5 Procedure |
| 53 | 21.6 Expression of results |
| 54 | 21.7 Test report 22 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball (flooring grade laminates) 22.1 Principle 22.2 Materials 22.3 Apparatus |
| 55 | 22.4 Test specimens 22.5 Procedure 22.6 Expression of results 22.7 Test report |
| 56 | 23 Resistance to cracking under stress (laminates ≤ 2 mm thick) 23.1 Principle 23.2 Apparatus 23.3 Test specimens |
| 58 | 23.4 Procedure 23.5 Expression of results |
| 59 | 23.6 Test report |
| 60 | 24 Resistance to crazing (Compact laminates) 24.1 Principle 24.2 Apparatus 24.3 Test specimens 24.4 Procedure 24.5 Expression of results |
| 61 | 24.6 Test report |
| 62 | 25 Resistance to scratching 25.1 Principle 25.2 Materials 25.3 Apparatus |
| 64 | 25.4 Calibration of apparatus 25.5 Test specimen 25.6 Procedure |
| 68 | 25.7 Expression of results 25.8 Test report 26 Resistance to staining 26.1 Principle 26.2 Staining agents |
| 70 | 26.3 Apparatus and Materials 26.3.1 Discs 26.3.2 Glass Petri dish 26.3.3 Tweezers 26.3.4 Absorbent paper or tissue 26.3.5 Cleaning cloth 26.3.6 Diffuse light source |
| 71 | 26.4 Test specimens 26.5 Test procedure |
| 72 | 26.6 Examination of the test panel 26.7 Assessment of results |
| 73 | 26.8 Test report 27 Light fastness (Xenon arc) 27.1 Principle 27.2 Apparatus |
| 74 | 27.3 Test specimen 27.4 Procedure |
| 75 | 27.5 Assessment and expression of results 27.6 Test report 28 Resistance to UV light (Exterior grade laminates) 28.1 Principle 28.2 Apparatus 28.3 Test specimens |
| 76 | 28.4 Procedure 28.5 Evaluation and expression of results 28.5.1 General 28.5.2 Contrast 28.5.3 Appearance 28.6 Test report |
| 77 | 29 Resistance to artificial weathering (Exterior grade laminates) 29.1 Principle 29.2 Apparatus |
| 78 | 29.3 Test specimens 29.4 Procedure 29.5 Examination and expression of results 29.5.1 General |
| 79 | 29.5.2 Contrast 29.5.3 Appearance 29.6 Test report 30 Determination of the microscratch resistance 30.1 Principle 30.2 Terms and definitions |
| 80 | 30.3 Apparatus and materials 30.3.1 Martindale tester 30.3.2 Holder for scrub material 30.3.3 Diffuse light source 30.3.4 Reflectometer |
| 81 | 30.3.5 Positioning device |
| 82 | 30.4 Assembly and maintenance of the Martindale tester 30.5 Method for checking the Lissajous figure |
| 83 | Preparation and conditioning 30.6.1 Preparation 30.6.2 Test surface 30.7 Test procedure 30.7.1 General 30.7.2 Testing 30.7.2.1 Procedure A |
| 84 | 30.7.2.2 Procedure B |
| 85 | 30.8 Classification of the image after scratching according to procedure B |
| 86 | 30.9 Test report 31 Formability (Method A) 31.1 Principle 31.2 Apparatus |
| 87 | 31.3 Test specimens 31.4 Procedure 31.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus |
| 88 | 31.4.2 Test procedure |
| 89 | 31.5 Test report 32 Formability (Method B) 32.1 Principle |
| 90 | 32.2 Apparatus 32.3 Test specimens |
| 91 | 32.4 Procedure |
| 92 | 32.5 Test report |
| 93 | 33 Resistance to blistering (Method A) 33.1 Principle 33.2 Apparatus 33.3 Test specimens 33.4 Procedure 33.4.1 Calibration of test apparatus 33.4.2 Test procedure 33.5 Test report |
| 94 | 34 Resistance to blistering (Method B) 34.1 Principle 34.2 Apparatus 34.3 Test specimens 34.4 Procedure 34.4.1 General 34.4.2 Calibration of test apparatus 34.4.3 Test procedure 34.5 Test report |
| 96 | Annex A (informative)Surface finish and colour influence on surface evaluations |
| 97 | Annex B (informative)Calibration and maintenance of abrasion equipment B.1 General B.2 Apparatus B.3 Procedure B.3.1 Bearing Wear B.3.2 Shaft Wear |
| 98 | B.3.3 Alignment |
| 101 | Annex C (normative)Measurement of shore A hardness |
