AWS D1.5M D1.5 2020
$183.33
AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2020 Bridge Welding Code
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| AWS | 2020 | 510 |
This code covers the welding requirements for welded bridges made from carbon and low-alloy constructional steels and designed to AASHTO or AREMA requirements. This 2020 edition contains dimensions in metric SI Units and U.S. Customary Units. Clauses 1 through 9 constitute a body of rules for the regulation of welding in steel construction. Clauses 10 and 11 do not contain provisions, as their analogue D1.1 sections are not applicable to the D1.5 code. Clause 12 contains the requirements for fabricating fracture critical members.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | Cover page |
| 2 | Title page Abstract |
| 3 | Copyright page |
| 4 | Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards |
| 6 | Personnel |
| 10 | Foreword |
| 14 | Table of Contents |
| 19 | List of Tables |
| 20 | List of Figures |
| 22 | List of Forms |
| 24 | Bridge Welding Code 1. General Provisions 1.1 Application 1.2 Base Metal |
| 25 | 1.3 Welding Processes |
| 26 | 1.4 Fabricator Requirements 1.5 Definitions 1.6 Welding Symbols 1.7 Safety Precautions 1.8 Standard Units of Measurement 1.9 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPSs) |
| 27 | 1.10 Mechanical Testing 1.11 Reference Documents |
| 28 | 2. Normative References |
| 31 | 3. Terms and Definitions |
| 40 | 4. Design of Welded Connections Part A General Requirements 4.1 Drawings |
| 41 | 4.2 Basic Unit Stresses 4.3 Effective Weld Areas, Lengths, Throats, and Sizes |
| 42 | Part B Structural Details 4.4 General 4.5 Welded Filler Plates 4.6 PJP Groove Welds Part C Details of Welded Joints 4.7 Joint Qualification 4.8 Details of Fillet Welds |
| 43 | 4.9 Details of Plug and Slot Welds 4.10 Lap Joints |
| 44 | 4.11 Corner and T-Joints 4.12 CJP Groove Welds 4.13 PJP Groove Welds (see Figure 4.5) 4.14 Prohibited Types of Joints and Welds |
| 45 | 4.15 Combinations of Welds 4.16 Welds in Combination with Rivets and Bolts 4.17 Connection Details |
| 86 | 5. Workmanship 5.1 General Requirements 5.2 Preparation of Base Metal |
| 90 | 5.3 Assembly |
| 92 | 5.4 Control of Distortion and Shrinkage |
| 93 | 5.5 Dimensional Tolerances |
| 96 | 5.6 Weld Profiles 5.7 Repairs |
| 98 | 5.8 Peening 5.9 Caulking 5.10 Arc Strikes 5.11 Weld Cleaning 5.12 Weld Termination |
| 99 | 5.13 Weld Backing |
| 104 | 6. Technique Part A General Requirements 6.1 Filler Metal Requirements |
| 106 | 6.2 Preheat and Interpass Temperature Requirements |
| 107 | 6.3 Heat Input Control for Grade HPS 690W [HPS 100W] Steel 6.4 Stress Relief Heat Treatment Part B Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) 6.5 Electrodes for SMAW |
| 108 | 6.6 Procedures for SMAW |
| 109 | Part C Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) 6.7 General Requirements 6.8 Electrodes and Fluxes for SAW |
| 110 | 6.9 Procedures for SAW with a Single Electrode 6.10 Procedures for SAW with Parallel and Multiple Electrodes |
| 111 | Part D Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) 6.11 GMAW/FCAW Electrodes 6.12 Shielding Gas 6.13 Procedures for GMAW and FCAW with a Single Electrode |
| 112 | Part E Electrogas Welding (EGW) 6.14 Qualification of Process, WPSs, and Joint Details 6.15 Condition of Electrodes and Guide Tubes 6.16 Shielding Gas 6.17 Procedures for EGW |
| 113 | Part F Electroslag Welding (ESW) 6.18 Qualification of Process, WPSs, and Joint Details 6.19 Condition of Electrodes and Consumable Guides |
| 114 | 6.20 Condition of Flux 6.21 Consumable Guide Electrical Insulators 6.22 Procedures for ESW |
| 116 | Part G Plug and Slot Welds 6.23 Plug Welds 6.24 Slot Welds 6.25 Plug and Slot Welds Part H Control of Production Welding Variables 6.26 Tests 6.27 Control of Variables 6.28 Calibration of Equipment |
| 117 | 6.29 Current Control |
| 123 | 7. Qualification 7.0 Scope Part A Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) Qualification 7.1 Approval 7.2 Qualification Responsibility 7.3 Duration |
| 124 | 7.4 Base Metal |
| 125 | 7.5 Welding Consumables 7.6 Test Plate Thickness 7.7 General Requirements for WPS Qualification |
| 126 | 7.8 Position of Test Welds 7.9 Options for WPS Qualification or Prequalification |
| 127 | 7.10 Fillet Weld WPS Qualification 7.11 Prequalified WPS 7.12 Heat Input Qualifications |
| 129 | 7.13 Electrogas Welding 7.14 Electroslag Welding |
| 130 | 7.15 Type of Tests and Purpose 7.16 Weld Specimens—Number, Type, and Preparation |
| 131 | 7.17 Nondestructive Testing (NDT) 7.18 Method of Testing Specimens 7.19 Test Results Required |
| 132 | 7.20 Retests |
| 133 | Part B Welder, Welding Operator, and Tack Welder Qualification 7.21 General Requirements |
| 134 | 7.22 Production Welding Positions Qualified 7.23 Qualification Tests Required |
| 135 | 7.24 Limitations of Variables |
| 136 | 7.25 Test Specimens: Number, Type, and Preparation 7.26 Method of Testing Specimens |
| 137 | 7.27 Test Results Required |
| 138 | 7.28 Retests |
| 174 | 8. Inspection Part A General Requirements 8.1 General |
| 175 | 8.2 Inspection of Materials 8.3 Inspection of WPS Qualification and Equipment 8.4 Inspection of Welder, Welding Operator, and Tack Welder Qualifications |
| 176 | 8.5 Inspection of Work and Records 8.6 Obligations of the Contractor |
| 177 | 8.7 Nondestructive Testing (NDT) |
| 179 | Part B Radiographic Testing (RT) of Groove Welds in Butt Joints 8.8 Extent of Testing 8.10 RT Procedure |
| 182 | 8.11 Acceptability of Welds 8.12 Examination, Report, and Disposition of Radiographs |
| 183 | Part C Ultrasonic Testing (UT) of Groove Welds 8.13 General 8.14 Extent of Testing 8.15 UT Equipment |
| 184 | 8.16 Reference Standards 8.17 Equipment Qualification |
| 185 | 8.18 Calibration for Testing |
| 186 | 8.19 Testing Procedures |
| 187 | 8.20 Preparation and Disposition of Reports 8.21 Calibration of the UT Unit With IIW or Other Approved Reference Blocks |
| 188 | 8.22 Equipment Qualification Procedures |
| 190 | 8.23 Discontinuity Size Evaluation Procedures |
| 191 | 8.24 Scanning Patterns 8.25 Examples of dB Accuracy Certification Part D Weld Acceptance Criteria 8.26 Quality of Welds |
| 213 | 9. Stud Welding 9.1 Scope 9.2 General Requirements |
| 214 | 9.3 Mechanical Requirements 9.4 Workmanship |
| 215 | 9.5 Technique 9.6 Stud Application Qualification Requirements |
| 216 | 9.7 Production Control |
| 218 | 9.8 Inspection Requirements |
| 222 | 10. Tubular Structures |
| 223 | 11. Strengthening and Repairing Existing Structures |
| 224 | 12. AASHTO/AWS Fracture Control Plan (FCP) for Nonredundant Members 12.1 General Provisions 12.2 Definitions 12.3 Contract Documents |
| 225 | 12.4 Base Metal Requirements 12.5 Welding Processes 12.6 Consumable Requirements |
| 228 | 12.7 Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) |
| 229 | 12.8 Certification and Qualification 12.9 As-Received Inspection of Base Metal 12.10 Thermal Cutting 12.11 Repair of Base Metal |
| 230 | 12.12 Straightening, Curving, and Cambering 12.13 Tack Welds and Temporary Welds 12.14 Preheat and Interpass Temperature Control 12.15 Postweld Thermal Treatments |
| 231 | 12.16 Weld Inspection |
| 232 | 12.17 Repair Welding |
| 238 | Annexes Normative Information Informative Information |
| 240 | Annex A (Normative) Effective Throat |
| 242 | Annex B (Normative) Effective Throats of Fillet Welds in Skewed T-Joints |
| 244 | Annex C (Normative) Flatness of Girder Webs—Bridges |
| 249 | Annex D (Normative) Manufacturer’s Stud Base Qualification Requirements D1. Purpose D2. Responsibility for Tests D3. Extent of Qualification D4. Duration of Qualification D5. Preparation of Specimens |
| 250 | D6. Number of Test Specimens D7. Tests D8. Retests D9. Acceptance D10. Manufacturer’s Qualification Test Data |
| 253 | Annex E (Normative) Part A Qualification and Calibration of the UT Unit with Other Approved Reference Blocks (see Figure 8.5B) E1. Longitudinal Mode E2. Shear Wave Mode (Transverse) |
| 254 | E3. Horizontal Linearity Procedure Part B UT Equipment Qualification Procedures |
| 262 | Annex F (Normative) Guidelines on Alternative Methods for Determining Preheat F1. Introduction F2. Methods F3. HAZ Hardness Control |
| 263 | F4. Hydrogen Control |
| 264 | F5. Selection of Method F6. Detailed Computation Guide |
| 265 | F6.2 Hydrogen Control Method |
| 274 | Annex G (Normative) Welding Requirements for Conventional, Nonfracture Critical AASHTO M 270M/M 270 (A709/A709M) HPS 485W [HPS 70W] Components with Reduced Preheat and Interpass Temperature G1. Purpose G2. Filler Metal Requirements G3. Additional NDT Testing Requirement |
| 275 | G4. WPS |
| 276 | Annex H (Normative) ESW Consumable Requirements H1. Electrode H2. Consumable Guide H3. Flux Moisture Content |
| 278 | Annex I (Normative) Guidelines for the Acceptance of Alternative ESW Processes |
| 280 | Annex J (Normative) Advanced Ultrasonic Examination J1. Introduction J2. Scope J3. Definitions |
| 282 | J4. Personnel Requirements. J5. Equipment |
| 283 | J6. Equipment Qualification J7. Scan Plans |
| 285 | J8. Calibration for Testing J8.1 Straight Beam Calibration. J8.2 Shear Wave Calibration J9. Examination Procedure |
| 286 | J10. Evaluation |
| 287 | J11. Data Analysis J12. Data Management J13. Documentation and Reporting J14. System Linearity Verification |
| 288 | J14.2 Display Height Linearity Verification Procedure J14.3 Amplitude Control Linearity Verification Procedure |
| 289 | J14.4 Time-Based Linearity (Horizontal Linearity) Verification Procedure J15. Background References |
| 296 | Annex K (Informative) Weld Quality Requirements for Tension Joints |
| 298 | Annex L (Informative) Description of Common Weld and Base Metal Discontinuities (Reprinted with modification from New York State Steel Construction Manual) L1. General L2. List of Discontinuities |
| 310 | Annex M (Informative) Short Circuiting Transfer |
| 314 | Annex N Suggested Sample Welding Forms |
| 328 | Annex O (Informative) Guide for Use of Electroslag Welding—Narrow Gap (ESW-NG) O1. General O2. Background Documents |
| 329 | O3. Definitions O4. Process Description O5. Equipment |
| 331 | O6. Electrodes and Flux |
| 332 | O7. Sumps and Run-off Tabs O8. Base Metals O9. Joint Design O10. Assembly and Alignment |
| 333 | O11. Application Restrictions O12. Process Variables |
| 334 | O13. Inspection O14. Repair |
| 335 | O15. Qualifications O16. Weld Quality O17. Troubleshooting Guide |
| 342 | Annex P Requesting an Official Interpretation of a Joint AASHTO/AWS Standard P1. Introduction P2. Limitations P3. General Procedure for all Requests |
| 343 | P4. AWS Policy on Interpretations P5. AWS Response to Requests P6. Telephone Inquiries |
| 344 | Commentary on Bridge Welding Code |
| 346 | Foreword |
| 350 | Commentary on Bridge Welding Code C-1. General Provisions C-1.1 Application |
| 351 | C-1.2 Base Metal C-1.3 Welding Processes |
| 352 | C-1.8 Standard Units of Measurement C-1.9 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPSs) C-1.10 Mechanical Testing |
| 353 | C-4. Design of Welded Connections Part A General Requirements C-4.1 Drawings |
| 355 | C-4.2 Basic Unit Stresses C-4.3 Effective Weld Areas, Lengths, Throats, and Sizes |
| 356 | Part B Structural Details C-4.4 General C-4.5 Welded Filler Plates |
| 357 | C-4.6 PJP Groove Welds Part C Details of Welded Joints C-4.7 Joint Qualification |
| 358 | C-4.8 Details of Fillet Welds |
| 359 | C-4.9 Details of Plug and Slot Welds C-4.10 Lap Joints C-4.11 Corner and T-Joints |
| 360 | C-4.12 CJP Groove Welds C-4.13 PJP Groove Welds |
| 361 | C-4.14 Prohibited Types of Joints and Welds |
| 362 | C-4.15 Combinations of Welds C-4.16 Welds in Combination with Rivets and Bolts C-4.17 Connection Details |
| 368 | C-5 Workmanship C-5.1 General Requirements |
| 369 | C-5.2 Preparation of Base Metal |
| 374 | C-5.3 Assembly |
| 378 | C-5.4 Control of Distortion and Shrinkage |
| 381 | C-5.5 Dimensional Tolerances |
| 385 | C-5.6 Weld Profiles C-5.7 Repairs |
| 387 | C-5.8 Peening |
| 388 | C-5.9 Caulking C-5.10 Arc Strikes C-5.11 Weld Cleaning C-5.12 Weld Termination |
| 389 | C-5.13 Weld Backing |
| 396 | C-6. Technique. Part A General Requirements C-6.1 Filler Metal Requirements |
| 398 | C-6.2 Preheat and Interpass Temperature Requirements |
| 401 | C-6.3 Heat Input Control for Grade HPS 690W [HPS 100W] Steel |
| 402 | C-6.4 Stress Relief Heat Treatment |
| 403 | Part B Shielded Metal Arc Welding C-6.5 Electrodes For SMAW |
| 405 | C-6.6 Procedures for SMAW |
| 406 | Part C Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) C-6.7 General Requirements |
| 407 | C-6.8 Electrodes and Fluxes for SAW |
| 409 | C-6.9 Procedures for Submerged Arc Welding with a Single Electrode C-6.10 Procedures for SAW with Parallel and Multiple Electrodes |
| 410 | Part D Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) C-6.11 GMAW/FCAW Electrodes C-6.12 Shielding Gas |
| 411 | C-6.13 Procedures for GMAW and FCAW with a Single Electrode |
| 412 | C-6.20 Condition of Flux. See Annex O. C-6.21 Consumable Guide Electrical Insulators. See Annex O. Part G Plug and Slot Welds C-6.23 Plug Welds |
| 413 | C-6.24 Slot Welds C-6.25 Plug and Slot Welds Part H Control of Production Welding Variables C-6.27 Control of Variables C-6.28 Calibration of Equipment C-6.29 Current Control |
| 415 | C-7. Qualification Introduction C-7.0 Scope |
| 416 | Part A Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) Qualification C-7.1 Approval |
| 417 | C-7.2 Qualification Responsibility |
| 418 | C-7.3 Duration C-7.4 Base Metal |
| 419 | C-7.5 Welding Consumables |
| 420 | C-7.6 Test Plate Thickness C-7.7 General Requirements for WPS Qualification |
| 422 | C-7.8 Position of Test Welds C-7.9 Options for WPS Qualification or Prequalification C-7.10 Fillet Weld WPS Qualification |
| 423 | C-7.11 Prequalified WPS C-7.12 Heat Input Qualifications |
| 428 | C-7.13 Electrogas Welding C-7.14 Electroslag Welding |
| 429 | C-7.15 Type of Tests and Purpose C-7.17 Nondestructive Testing (NDT) C-7.18 Method of Testing Specimens C-7.19 Test Results Required Part B Welder, Welding Operator, and Tack Welder Qualification |
| 430 | C-7.21 General Requirements. |
| 431 | C-7.24 Limitations of Variables C-7.26 Method of Testing Specimens C-7.28 Retests. |
| 435 | C-8. Inspection Part A General Requirements C-8.1 General |
| 437 | C-8.2 Inspection of Materials C-8.3 Inspection of WPS Qualification and Equipment C-8.4 Inspection of Welder, Welding Operator, and Tack Welder Qualifications |
| 438 | C-8.5 Inspection of Work and Records |
| 439 | C-8.6 Obligations of the Contractor C-8.7 Nondestructive Testing (NDT) |
| 442 | Part B Radiographic Testing (RT) of Groove Welds in Butt Joints C-8.9 General C-8.10 RT Procedure |
| 445 | C-8.11 Acceptability of Welds C-8.12 Examination, Report, and Disposition of Radiographs Part C Ultrasonic Testing (UT) of Groove Welds C-8.13 General |
| 446 | C-8.14 Extent of Testing C-8.15 UT Equipment C-8.16 Reference Standards C-8.17 Equipment Qualification |
| 447 | C-8.18 Calibration for Testing C-8.19 Testing Procedures |
| 449 | C-8.20 Preparation and Disposition of Reports C-8.21 Calibration of the UT Unit with IIW or Other Approved Reference Blocks C-8.22 Equipment Qualification Procedures C-8.23 Discontinuity Size Evaluation Procedures |
| 450 | C-8.24 Scanning Patterns C-8.25 Examples of dB Accuracy Certification Part D Weld Acceptance Criteria C-8.26 Quality of Welds |
| 459 | C-9. Stud Welding C-9.1 Scope C-9.2 General Requirements |
| 460 | C-9.3 Mechanical Requirements C-9.4 Workmanship |
| 461 | C-9.5 Technique |
| 462 | C-9.6 Stud Application Qualification Requirements |
| 463 | C-9.7 Production Control |
| 464 | C-9.8 Inspection Requirements |
| 465 | C-12. AASHTO/AWS Fracture Control Plan (FCP) for Nonredundant Members C-12.1 General Provisions C-12.2 Definitions |
| 466 | C-12.3 Contract Documents |
| 467 | C-12.4 Base Metal Requirements |
| 468 | C-12.5 Welding Processes C-12.6 Consumable Requirements |
| 473 | C-12.7 Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) C-12.8 Certification and Qualification |
| 474 | C-12.9 As-Received Inspection of Base Metal C-12.10 Thermal Cutting |
| 475 | C-12.11 Repair of Base Metal C-12.12 Straightening, Curving, and Cambering C-12.13 Tack Welds and Temporary Welds |
| 476 | C-12.14 Preheat and Interpass Temperature Control |
| 478 | C-12.15 Postweld Thermal Treatments C-12.16 Weld Inspection |
| 479 | C-12.17 Repair Welding |
| 482 | C-Annex G Welding Requirements for Conventional, Nonfracture Critical AASHTO M 270M/M 270 (A709/A709M) HPS 485W [HPS 70W] Components with Reduced Preheat and Interpass Temperature C-G2. Filler Metal Requirements |
| 484 | C-Annex H ESW Consumable Requirements |
| 486 | C-Annex J Advanced Ultrasonic Examination |
| 490 | Index A B |
| 491 | C |
| 492 | D |
| 493 | E |
| 495 | F |
| 496 | G |
| 497 | H I |
| 498 | J K L |
| 499 | M N O P |
| 500 | Q |
| 501 | R |
| 502 | S |
| 503 | T |
| 504 | U V |
| 505 | W |
| 506 | X Y Z |
| 508 | List of AWS Documents on Structural Welding |
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