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ASME PTC PM 10:2010 Edition

ASME PTC PM 10:2010 Edition

$98.04

ASME PTC PM Performance Monitoring Guidelines for Power Plants

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASME 2010 248
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PDF Pages PDF Title
9 FOREWORD
10 COMMITTEE ROSTER
12 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PTC PM COMMITTEE
13 INTRODUCTION
15 Section 1 Fundamental Concepts
1- 1 OBJECT AND SCOPE
1- 2 OVERVIEW
19 FIGURES
Fig. 1-2.6-1 Typical Plant Losses
20 Fig. 1-2.6-2 Typical Losses for a Gas-Turbineā€“Based Combined Cycle Plant
21 Fig. 1-2-6-3 Heat Balance for Turbine Cycle…
22 Fig. 1-2.6-4 Mass Flows Through Steam and Feedwater System for TypicalPressurized Water Reactor Plant
Fig. 1-2.6-5 Energy Distribution for a Typical Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Plant
Fig. 1-2.6-5 Energy Distribution for a Typical Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Plant
23 Fig. 1-2.6-6 Typical Boiler Losses
24 Fig. 1-2.6-7 Typical Cycle Losses
25 Fig. 1-2.6-8 Typical Turbine/Generator Losses
TABLES
Table 1-2.6-1 Off-Design Conditions’ Approximate Effect on Actual Heat Rate
26 Fig. 1-2.6-9 Computed Variation of Unburned Carbon With Excess Air
Table 1-2.6-2 Value of Turbine Section Efficiency Level Improvementon a Unit Heat Rate of 10,000 Btu/kWh
27 Fig. 1-2.6-10 Effect of O2 and Coal Fineness on Unit Heat Rate
Fig. 1-2.6-11 Effect of Stack Gas Temperature on Unit Heat Rate
28 Fig. 1-2.6-12 Boiler Loss Optimization
Table 1-2.6-3 Sensitivity of Heat Rate to Various Parameters for a Typical Pressurized WaterReactor Nuclear Power Plant
31 1- 3 DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTION OF TERMS
36 Section 2 Program Implementation
2- 1 PROGRAM PLANNING
47 2- 2 INSTRUMENTATION
51 Fig. 2-2.3.1-1 Primary Flow Section for Welded Assembly
Fig. 2-2.3.1-2 Inspection Port
54 Fig. 2-2.4-1 Basic Pressure Terms From ASME PTC 19.2
Fig. 2-2.4-2 General Uncertainties of Pressure-MeasuringDevices From PTC 6 Report
56 Fig. 2-2.4.5-1 Effect of Pressure and Bias Errors on HP Turbine Efficiency
57 Fig. 2-2.4.5-2 Effect of Pressure and Bias Errors on IP Turbine Efficiency
58 Fig. 2-2.5.1-1 TC Drift Study of Six Thermocouples Cycled 210 days to 300 days
59 Fig. 2-2.5.2-1 Drift of Ice Point Resistance of 102 RTDs Cycled 810 days
60 Fig. 2-2.5.3-1 Effect of Temperature Bias and Error on HP Turbine Efficiency
Fig. 2-2.5.3-2 Effect of Temperature Bias and Error on IP Turbine Efficiency
72 2- 3 PERFORMANCE MONITORING IMPLEMENTATION AND DIAGNOSTICS
76 Table 2-3.6.2.2-1 Diagnostic Chart of Turbine Loss Characteristics
77 Fig. 2-3.6.2.1-1 Performance Curves to Characterize BoilerLosses ā€” Example for a Coal-Fired Unit
Table 2-3.6.2.2-2 Steam Surface Condenser Diagnostics
78 Fig. 2-3.6.2.3-1 Heat Rate Logic Tree ā€” Main Diagram
79 Fig. 2-3.6.2.3-2 Illustration of Decision Tree Concept for Investigating PerformanceParameter Deviations
95 Fig. 2-3.8.4.1-1 Pulverizer Capacity Curve
96 Fig. 2-3.8.4.1-2 Arrangement for Sampling Pulverized Coal
97 Fig. 2-3.8.4.1-3 Graphical Form for Representing Distribution of Sizes of Broken Coal
103 Fig. 2-3.8.6.1-1 Sampling Direct-Fired Pulverized Coal-Sampling Stations
119 Fig. 2-3.9.4.3-1 Typical DCA and TTD Versus Internal Liquid Level
138 Table 2-3.16-1 Matrix of Cycle Interrelations
145 2-4 INCREMENTAL HEAT RATE
Fig. 2-4.2-1 Input/Output Curves for the Two Typical Thermal Units
146 Fig. 2-4.2-2 Input/Output Relationships for a2 ƃā€” 1 Combined Cycle Facility
Fig. 2-4.2-3 Incremental Heat Rate for Steam Turbine WithSequential Valve Operation
147 Table 2-4.3-1 Incremental Rates for the Two Generating Units in Fig. 2-4.2-1
148 Table 2-4.3-2 Relative Incremental Costs Associated With a Combined Cycle Facility
149 Fig. 2-4.3.1-1 Optimum Load Division by Equal Incremental Heat Rate
Table 2-4.3.1-1 Impact of Load Division on Plant Economy
151 Fig. 2-4.4-1 Example of Heat Rate Not Monotonically Increasing in a 2 ƃā€” 1 Configuration
152 Fig. 2-4.4-2 Incremental Curve Shape
153 Fig. 2-4.4-3 Illustration of Development of Incremental Heat Rate InformationFrom Basic Plant Measurements
155 Fig. 2-4.4-4 Heat Rate and Incremental Heat Rate Versus LoadFossil Unit
Fig. 2-4.4-5 Heat Rate and Incremental Heat Rate Versus LoadBias Error
156 Fig. 2-4.4-6 Heat Rate and Incremental Heat Rate Versus LoadCombined Bias and Random Error
158 Fig. 2-4.6.1-1 Combined Cycle Heat Rates Versus Ambient Temperature
Fig. 2-4.6.2-1 Combined Cycle Input/Output Relationships
159 2-5 PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION
Fig. 2-4.6.2-2 Combined Cycle Incremental Heat RatesVersus Ambient Temperature
191 Section 3 Case Studies/ Diagnostic Examples
3- 1 AIR HEATER PLUGGING DUE TO FAILED SOOTBLOWER
Fig. 3-1.1-1 Air Heater Exit Gas Temperature 2-Week Trend
192 Fig. 3-1.3-1 Air Heater Differential Pressure 2-Week Trends
193 3-2 BOILER EXAMPLE
194 3-3 TEMPERATURE CALIBRATIONS
195 Fig. 3-3.2-1 Three RTDs: Readings Collected at Five Temperatures
196 Fig. 3-3.2-2 Fit of RTD Data
Fig. 3-3.2-3 Histogram of RTD A
Fig. 3-3.2-4 Distribution of Errors for the Three RTDs
197 Fig. 3-3.2-5 Fits of RTDs A, B, and C in Open Circuit
Fig. 3-3.2-6 Fits of RTDs A, B, and C Using the Calendarā€“Van DusenEq. (3-3.2) for Calibration
198 3-4 CAPACITY LOSS INVESTIGATION DUE TO FOULING OF FEED WATERFLOW NOZZLE (NUCLEAR PLANT)
Fig. 3-3.3-1 Fits With and Without Replicate Data
200 Fig. 3-4.1.1-1 Logic for Tree Case Study
201 Fig. 3-4.1.2-1 Decision Tree for Capacity Loss…
202 Fig. 3-4.1.3-1 Power design Heat Balance…
203 3-5 UNIT CAPACITY AND ID FAN CAPACITY DUE TO AIR HEATER LEAKAGE
Table 3-5.2-1 Air Heater Leakage
204 Fig. 3-5.2-1 Flue Gas Analyzer Measurements at Locations Along the Gas Path
205 3-6 LOSS OF EXTRACTION FLOW
Fig. 3-6.3-1 Generator-Output and Heat Rate Deviation
206 Fig. 3-6.3-2 Change in Performance Profile Over Significant Cycle Positions
207 3-7 QUESTION AND ANSWER SESSION:A NUCLEAR PLANT DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEM
Fig. 3-7-1 Variations of Fourth-Stage Pressure
208 Fig. 3-7-2 Similarities Between Predicted and Measured Pressure Changes
209 3- 8 APPLICATION OF TURBINE TEST DATA FOR PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
210 3-9 CONDENSER TUBE FOULING PROBLEM
Fig. 3-8.3-1 Turbine Pressure Profiles
213 3- 10 FEEDWATER PARTITION- PLATE BYPASS PROBLEM
Table 3-10.1-1 Test Results of Four High-Pressure Heaters
214 3-11 AIR-HEATER PLUGGAGE PROBLEM
215 3-12 DEPOSITS IN HIGH-PRESSURE TURBINE
216 3- 13 PULVERIZER COAL- MILL FINENESS PROBLEM
Table 3-12.2-1 Reconciliation of Load Change Based on Change in Performance Parameters
217 Fig. 3-13.3-1 Adjusted Inverted Cone
Table 3-13.3-1 Measurements Taken at the Outage
218 Table 3-13.3-2 Calculated Cone and Feedpipe Areas
Table 3-13.3-3 Resulting Gap Clearances and Areas
219 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A THERMODYNAMICS FUNDAMENTALS

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