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ASHRAE Standard 184 2020

ASHRAE Standard 184 2020

$47.13

ASHRAE Standard 184-2020 – Method of Test for Field Performance of Liquid-Chilling Systems (ANSI Approved)

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ASHRAE 2020
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ASHRAE Standard 184 prescribes methods for obtaining performance data relating to field-installed liquid-chilling systems. The 2020 revision of the standard includes updated normative and informative references and minor editorial changes

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 184-2020
3 CONTENTS
4 FOREWORD
1. PURPOSE
2. SCOPE
2.1 This standard includes the following types of liquid-chilling systems. These system types are further described in Section 5, “Equipment Types.”
2.2 This standard does not include systems with a net refrigeration capacity less than 10 tonR (35 kW).
2.3 This standard does not include a specification of standardized test conditions under which the liquid-chilling system must operate. Test conditions typically reflect the expected operating conditions and are customer specified.
3. USE OF STANDARD 184
4. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND ACRONYMS
4.1 General. Certain terms, abbreviations, and acronyms are defined in this section for the purposes of this standard. These definitions are applicable to all sections of this standard. Terms that are not defined shall have their ordinarily accepted …
5 4.2 Definitions
8 5. EQUIPMENT TYPES
5.1 This standard covers the following equipment types.
6. CALCULATIONS AND CONVERSIONS
6.1 Fluid Properties
6.2 Data Processing. Data point measurements collected during the testing period shall be processed to calculate sample mean and sample standard deviation per the following equations. Calculate final performance metrics (capacity, efficiency, and pre…
9 6.3 Performance
15 6.4 Validation. A valid test shall meet both energy balance and voltage balance requirements, calculated as follows.
18 6.5 Conversions
6.6 Rounding and Significant Digits
19 7. TEST REQUIREMENTS
7.1 Test Planning
20 7.2 Instrumentation. This section defines requirements for each type of measurement (temperature, flow, pressure, power). Instruments shall be selected, installed, operated, or maintained in accordance with the requirements the owner and test agency …
28 7.3 Plan. A test plan shall document all requirements for conducting the test as agreed to during the test planning process. This includes a list of the required full- or part-load test points, the target operating conditions for each point, allowabl…
7.4 Tolerances
7.5 Corrections. The following corrections shall be applied to test targets or test results when applicable.
7.6 Validation
31 8. TEST PROCEDURES
8.1 Preparation
8.2 Test Procedures. For each test point at a specific load and set of operating conditions, the test will measure capacity, input power, and liquid-side pressure loss. Capacity, a measurement of the heat added to or removed from the liquid as it pas…
32 8.3 Setup. The chiller to be tested shall be set up in accordance with the test plan instructions, including but not limited to support of installation mounting points, connections for liquid, connections for power supply, test instrumentation, charg…
8.4 Operation. After setup is complete, the chiller will be started and operated to attain the target conditions of the test point per the test plan. The chiller is not required to operate continuously between different test points, and shut down and…
8.5 Adjustments
33 9. DATA TO BE RECORDED
9.1 Refer to Normative Appendix B for summary tables of each system type for the measurement points that require data to be recorded.
9.2 Refer to Normative Appendix B for schematics of each system type and the physical location of measurement instruments.
10. REPORTING OF RESULTS
10.1 Upon completion of testing and data collection, performance calculations shall be performed in accordance with Section 6 and Normative Appendix C.
10.2 For each set of test data, the report shall present the energy balance calculation and comparison to the tolerance limit using the energy balance uncertainty.
10.3 A formal report shall be written and distributed by the testing agent in a timely fashion in accordance with agreed-to test protocols.
10.4 The report shall contain data from all of the measurement points prescribed in Normative Appendix B of this standard, dependent on the type of system tested.
10.5 The report shall present the average values of the measurement point data. All raw data used for the averaging shall be provided if agreed to.
11. NOMENCLATURE
12. NORMATIVE REFERENCES
37 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX A: REFERENCES
38 NORMATIVE APPENDIX B: MEASUREMENT POINTS
45 NORMATIVE APPENDIX C: CALCULATION OF PERFORMANCE AND UNCERTAINTY OF RESULTS
46 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX D: INSTRUMENTATION
D1. Instruments and Measurement Techniques
D1.1 Instruments
D1.2 Temperature Measurements
D1.3 Pressure Measurements
D1.4 Flow Measurements
D1.5 Shaft Power Measurements
D1.6 Electrical Measurements
47 D1.7 Rotational Velocity Measurements
D1.8 Exhaust Gas Measurements
48 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX E: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR MEASUREMENT POINTS
55 NORMATIVE APPENDIX F: PRETEST CHECKLIST
58 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX G: BEST PRACTICES FOR ACHIEVING TEST CONDITIONS
G1. Stability and Control Actions for Achieving Test Conditions
G1.1 All items discussed in this section are informative only and may differ between sites. These items are intended as suggestions only and are completely dependent on site-installed devices and controls.
G1.2 Because of control deadbands and device limitations, it may be necessary to operate control devices in manual/hand for the duration of the test. Typical controls may not adhere to the test tolerance and stability limits as set forth.
G1.3 The use of variable-speed drives (VSDs) should be employed whenever possible. These devices give more stable control of variables and make them easier to manipulate.
G1.4 When beginning the test and bringing the test chiller to test conditions, it is always desirable to fully load the evaporator to the required test value first and then raise the condenser liquid entering temperature. This prevents unwanted surge…
G1.5 When testing a multiple chiller site, it is recommended to have the design evaporator load at a minimum. It is desirable to have the test load available plus 50% or more of additional load. This additional load will allow for shedding of load to…
G1.6 For sites that may not have adequate evaporator load, reheat coils or their equivalent may be needed to impart a heat load on the return chilled liquid.
G1.7 For those sites where reheat coils are not an option, and full test load may not be available to the test chiller evaporator, it may be necessary to increase the chilled liquid flow to compensate. In this case, care must be taken not to exceed t…
G1.8 When utilizing a second chiller to maintain the evaporator load conditions, care must be taken so that the second chiller does not operate in a surge. This can be caused when the two chillers share a common condenser cooling supply from the cool…
G1.9 For chiller condenser cooling systems that do not have tower fan VSDs and tower or chiller condenser cooling bypass valves, it may be necessary to operate with the entering chilled-water temperature at some stable point lower than design and adj…
G1.10 For those parameters that require the adjustment of flows to off design, care must always be taken not to exceed the manufacturer’s minimum/maximum flow recommendations.
G1.11 Flows should be adjusted by any means that do not impact the site load demands or capabilities. This is especially true for sites that use either or both of the loops for any process. Many times, this can result in undue site hardships and dela…
59 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX H: COMPARISON OF TEST RESULTS
H1. Comparison to Published Data
H2. Comparison to Prior Performance
60 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX I: EXAMPLE SPREADSHEET WORKBOOK FOR UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS
61 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX J: EXAMPLES OF EVALUATING INSTRUMENT UNCERTAINTY
62 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX K: ADDENDA DESCRIPTION AND INFORMATION

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ASHRAE Standard 184 2020
$47.13